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The number of young people not in education, employment, or training (NEETs), notably women, is significantly higher in cohesion regions (less developed regions of Europe) than the EU average (11.2 percent in 2023). [17] Lower educational achievement in these places is exacerbated by relatively low levels of reading and numeracy among young people.
Education reform is the process of constantly renegotiating and restructuring the educational standards to reflect the ever-evolving contemporary ideals of social, economic, and political culture. [9] Reforms can be based on bringing education into alignment with a society's core values.
The Prussian reforms in education spread quickly through Europe, particularly after the French Revolution. The Napoleonic Wars first allowed the system to be enhanced after the 1806 crushing defeat of Prussia itself and then to spread in parallel with the rise and territorial gains of Prussia after the Vienna Congress.
Jules Ferry.. The Jules Ferry Laws are a set of French laws which established free education in 1881, then mandatory and laic (secular) education in 1882. Jules Ferry, a lawyer holding the office of Minister of Public Instruction in the 1880s, is widely credited for creating the modern Republican school (l'école républicaine).
The reform programme was modified by the subsequent François Hollande government in 2013, with the introduction of the Law on Higher Education and Research. The new law aimed to rationalise the geographic coverage of higher education courses and research areas, encouraging merging of some institutions.
Copies of this letter were to be sent to all suffragan bishops and to all (dependent) monasteries, in order to introduce the reform of education into all the cathedral schools and monastic schools of the empire. In the major Council of Aachen of 789, Charlemagne issued more explicit instructions regarding the education of the clergy. He also ...
Education was compulsory between the ages of six and sixteen from 1984 (i.e. 10 years, 1922-1948: 8 years, 1948-1984: 9 years). In 1974-75 planners began an education reform, shortening the primary cycle from nine to eight years and standardizing curricula within the secondary-school system.
Christopher Columbus before the wise at the University of Salamanca. The European University proliferated in part because groups decided to secede from the original universities to promote their own ideals; the University of Paris fostered many universities in Northern Europe, while the University of Bologna fostered many in the South. [13]