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In oncology, polycythemia vera (PV) is an uncommon myeloproliferative neoplasm in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells. [1] The majority of cases [ 2 ] are caused by mutations in the JAK2 gene, most commonly resulting in a single amino acid change in its protein product from valine to phenylalanine at position 617.
Mild polycythemia on its own is often asymptomatic. Treatment for polycythemia varies, and typically involves treating its underlying cause. [6] Treatment of primary polycythemia (see polycythemia vera) could involve phlebotomy, antiplatelet therapy to reduce risk of blood clots, and additional cytoreductive therapy to reduce the number of red ...
B1. No cause for a reactive thrombocytosis normal inflammatory indices; B2. No evidence of iron deficiency stainable iron in the bone marrow or normal red cell mean corpuscular volume; B3. No evidence of polycythemia vera. hematocrit < midpoint of normal range or normal red cell mass in presence of normal iron stores; B4.
Risk factors include exposure to an agent known to cause DNA damage, such as radiation, benzene, and certain chemotherapies; other risk factors have been inconsistently reported. Proving a connection between a suspected exposure and the development of MDS can be difficult, but the presence of genetic abnormalities may provide some supportive ...
Symptomatic features of paraneoplastic syndrome cultivate in four ways: endocrine, neurological, mucocutaneous, and hematological.The most common presentation is a fever (release of endogenous pyrogens often related to lymphokines or tissue pyrogens), but the overall picture will often include several clinical cases observed which may specifically simulate more common benign conditions.
LMWH is recommended for at least 7–10 days following cancer surgery, and for one month following surgery for people who have a high risk of VTEs. [ 40 ] [ 39 ] Specifically for patients with various types of lymphoma, there is a risk assessment model, ThroLy , to help providers determine how likely a thromboembolic event is to occur.
Again, these conditions usually warrant specific treatment when identified. [21] Cancer, particularly when metastatic (spread to other places in the body), is a recognised risk factor for thrombosis. [2] [16] A number of mechanisms have been proposed, such as activation of the coagulation system by cancer cells or secretion of procoagulant ...
Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is an antimetabolite medication used in sickle-cell disease, essential thrombocythemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera, and cervical cancer. [4] [5] In sickle-cell disease it increases fetal hemoglobin and decreases the number of attacks. [4] It is taken by mouth. [4]
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