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The burden of onchocerciasis: children leading blind adults in Africa. Childhood blindness can be caused by conditions related to pregnancy, such as congenital rubella syndrome and retinopathy of prematurity. Leprosy and onchocerciasis each blind approximately 1 million individuals in the developing world.
Cortical blindness is the total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain's occipital cortex. [1] Cortical blindness can be acquired or congenital, and may also be transient in certain instances. [ 2 ]
Early on there are often no symptoms. [1] Over time, however, some people experience a gradual worsening of vision that may affect one or both eyes. [1] While it does not result in complete blindness, loss of central vision can make it hard to recognize faces, drive, read, or perform other activities of daily life. [1]
~2% of adults [5] Amblyopia , also called lazy eye , is a disorder of sight in which the brain fails to fully process input from one eye and over time favors the other eye. [ 1 ] It results in decreased vision in an eye that typically appears normal in other aspects. [ 1 ]
AMD is the leading cause of vision loss in adults over the age of 50, while glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness in adults over the age of 60, reports the AAO.
Onchocerciasis is the second leading cause of blindness from infectious causes. Main disease symptoms, such as blindness and itching, contribute to disease burden by limiting the infected individuals' ability to live and work. Individuals most at risk live or work in areas where Simulium blackflies are most common, mostly near rivers and streams.
CVI is also sometimes known as cortical blindness, although most people with CVI are not totally blind. The term neurological visual impairment (NVI) covers both CVI and total cortical blindness. Delayed visual maturation, another form of NVI, is similar to CVI, except the child's visual difficulties resolve in a few months.
People taking Ozempic and Wegovy may be at increased risk of developing a debilitating eye condition that can cause irreversible vision loss, a study published in JAMA Ophthalmology finds.