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The occupation of the Baltic states was a period of annexation of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by the Soviet Union from 1940 until its dissolution in 1991. For a brief period, Nazi Germany occupied the Baltic states after it invaded the Soviet Union in 1941.
The Germans demanded that Lithuania give up the Klaipėda region (Memelland), or the Wehrmacht would invade Lithuania. 23 August 1939, Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact (Nazi-Soviet Alliance) signed. A secret protocol of the pact places Estonia, Latvia, and Finland in Soviet sphere of interest, Lithuania in Germany's
The following is a list of the 47 cities and towns in Estonia.Before the Republic of Estonia became an independent nation in 1918, many of these locations were known in the rest of the world by their German language names which were occasionally quite different from the ones used in the Estonian language.
Since then three cities (Juodupė, Kulautuva, and Tyruliai) and two villages (Salakas and Jūrė) became towns. Therefore, during the Lithuanian census of 2011 , there were 249 towns in Lithuania. According to Lithuanian law, a town is a compactly-built settlement with a population of 500–3,000 and at least half of the population works in ...
The three Baltic states – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania – were re-occupied in 1944–1945 by the Soviet Union (USSR) following the German occupation. The Baltic states regained independence in 1990–1991. In 1944–1945, World War II and the occupation by Nazi Germany ended.
Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia were considered to be under Soviet occupation by the United States, the United Kingdom, [18] Canada, NATO, and many other countries and international organizations. [19] During the Cold War, Lithuania and Latvia maintained legations in Washington DC, while Estonia had a mission in New York City.
Vilnius is the largest city of Lithuania with urban population over 700,000 inhabitants. In Lithuania, there are 103 cities (miestai).The term city is defined by the Parliament of Lithuania as a compact urban area with more than 3,000 people, of whom at least two-thirds work in the industry or service sector.
By 1920, German troops had withdrawn and the Russian Civil War was in its final phase. Consequently, the Baltic states signed peace treaties with Soviet Russia. Estonia signed the Treaty of Tartu on 2 February, Lithuania signed the Soviet–Lithuanian Peace Treaty on 12 July and Latvia signed the Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty on 15 August 1920. [3]