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  2. Transcendental argument for the existence of God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendental_argument...

    Some Christian philosophers, such as Peter van Inwagen, affirm Platonism and the compatibility of God and abstract objects. But other Christian philosophers argue that Platonism is incompatible with divine aseity. William Lane Craig urges Christian philosophers to consider anti-realist theories of abstract objects. [9]

  3. Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_within_the_Bounds...

    Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason (German: Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft) is a 1793 book by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant.Although its purpose and original intent has become a matter of some dispute, the book's immense and lasting influence on the history of theology and the philosophy of religion is indisputable.

  4. Argument from morality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_morality

    German philosopher Immanuel Kant devised an argument from morality based on practical reason. Kant argued that the goal of humanity is to achieve perfect happiness and virtue (the summum bonum ) and believed that an afterlife must be assumed to exist in order for this to be possible, and that God must be assumed to exist to provide this.

  5. Immanuel Kant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immanuel_Kant

    Immanuel Kant [a] (born Emanuel Kant; 22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.

  6. Existence of God - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existence_of_God

    German philosopher Immanuel Kant devised an argument from morality based on practical reason. Kant argued that the goal of humanity is to achieve perfect happiness and virtue (the summum bonum) and believed that an afterlife must be assumed to exist in order for this to be possible, and that God must be assumed to exist to provide this. Rather ...

  7. Radical evil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radical_evil

    Kant, Immanuel, Kant: Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason: And Other Writings, (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy), Cambridge University Press (January 28, 1999), ISBN 0-521-59964-4, ISBN 978-0-521-59964-1; Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "Radical Evil" in "Kant's Philosophy of Religion"

  8. Ontological argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontological_argument

    Immanuel Kant proposed that existence is not a predicate. Immanuel Kant put forward an influential criticism of the ontological argument in his Critique of Pure Reason. [78] His criticism is primarily directed at Descartes, but also attacks Leibniz. It is shaped by his central distinction between analytic and synthetic propositions. In an ...

  9. Atheism during the Age of Enlightenment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheism_during_the_Age_of...

    In the Reformation and Counter-Reformation eras, Europe was a "persecuting society" which did not tolerate religious minorities or atheism. [4] Even in France, where the Edict of Nantes had been issued in 1598, then revoked in 1685, there was very little support for religious toleration at the beginning of the eighteenth century. [5]