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Sodium bicarbonate reacts spontaneously with acids, releasing CO 2 gas as a reaction product. It is commonly used to neutralize unwanted acid solutions or acid spills in chemical laboratories. [32] It is not appropriate to use sodium bicarbonate to neutralize base [33] even though it is amphoteric, reacting with both acids and bases. [34]
The bicarbonate ion (hydrogencarbonate ion) is an anion with the empirical formula HCO − 3 and a molecular mass of 61.01 daltons; it consists of one central carbon atom surrounded by three oxygen atoms in a trigonal planar arrangement, with a hydrogen atom attached to one of the oxygens.
Sodium carbonate has several uses in cuisine, largely because it is a stronger base than baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) but weaker than lye (which may refer to sodium hydroxide or, less commonly, potassium hydroxide).
If four oxyanions are possible, the prefixes hypo-and per-are used: hypochlorite is ClO −, perchlorate is ClO − 4. The prefix bi-is a deprecated way of indicating the presence of a single hydrogen ion, as in "sodium bicarbonate" (NaHCO 3). The modern method specifically names the hydrogen atom. Thus, NaHCO 3 would be pronounced sodium ...
Sodium phosphate; see trisodium phosphate – Na 3 PO 4; Sodium selenate – Na 2 O 4 Se; Sodium selenide – Na 2 Se; Sodium selenite – Na 2 SeO 3; Sodium silicate – Na 2 SiO 3; Sodium sulfate – Na 2 SO 4; Sodium sulfide – Na 2 S; Sodium sulfite – Na 2 SO 3; Sodium tartrate – C 4 H 4 Na 2 O 6; Sodium tellurite – Na 2 TeO 3 ...
Examples of important inorganic sodium salts are sodium fluoride, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium iodide, sodium sulfate, sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate. Sodium amide (NaNH 2) is the sodium salt of ammonia (NH 3).
It can substitute for baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) for those with a low-sodium diet, [4] and it is an ingredient in low-sodium baking powders. [5] [6] As an inexpensive, nontoxic base, it is widely used in diverse application to regulate pH or as a reagent. Examples include as buffering agent in medications, an additive in winemaking.
Ammonium chloride precipitates and is removed by filtration, and the solution is recycled to produce more sodium carbonate. Hou's process eliminates the production of calcium chloride. The byproduct ammonium chloride can be refined, used as a fertilizer and may have greater commercial value than CaCl 2, thus reducing the extent of waste beds.