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  2. Ecological efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecological_efficiency

    For example, the sun releases 10,000 J of energy, then plants take only 100 J of energy from sunlight (exception- Only 1% of energy is taken up by plants from sun); thereafter, a deer would take 10 J (10% of energy) from the plant. A wolf eating the deer would only take 1 J (10% of energy from deer).

  3. Feed conversion ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feed_conversion_ratio

    The regular feed conversion ratio, i.e. output fish mass divided by total feed mass. The conversion ratio only taking into account the fish-based component of fish feed, called the FIFO ratio (or Fish In – Fish Out ratio). FIFO is fish in (the mass of harvested fish used to feed farmed fish) divided by fish out (mass of the resulting farmed ...

  4. Principle of minimum energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_minimum_energy

    The principle of minimum energy is essentially a restatement of the second law of thermodynamics. It states that for a closed system, with constant external parameters and entropy, the internal energy will decrease and approach a minimum value at equilibrium. External parameters generally means the volume, but may include other parameters which ...

  5. Concentrated animal feeding operation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_animal...

    Since 1960 average cow's milk production has increased from 5-kilogram /day (11 lb) to 30-kilogram /day (66 lb) by 2008, as noted by Dale Bauman and Jude Capper in the Efficiency of Dairy Production and its Carbon Footprint. The article points to the fact that the carbon footprint resulting from the production of a gallon of milk in 2007 is 37% ...

  6. Feed manufacturing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feed_Manufacturing

    Soybean meal prepared for the fish industry is heavily dependent on the particle sizes contained in the feed pellets. Today technology to process these types of feed is based on fish feed extruder machines. Fish feed extruder is essential for vegetable protein processing. Particle size influences feed digestibility.

  7. Animal feed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_feed

    Animal feed is an important input to animal agriculture, and is frequently the main cost of the raising or keeping of animals. Farms typically try to reduce cost for this food, by growing their own, grazing animals, or supplementing expensive feeds with substitutes, such as food waste like spent grain from beer brewing .

  8. Efficiency of food conversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficiency_of_food_conversion

    The efficiency of conversion of ingested food to unit of body substance (ECI, also termed "growth efficiency") is an index measure of food fuel efficiency in animals. [1] ...

  9. Deer farm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deer_farm

    By the middle of the 20th century, these nonnative deer were regarded as pests because of their impact on the native forests. From the 1950s, deer cullers were employed by the government to keep the numbers in check. The export of venison from wild deer started in the 1960s, turning a pest into an export earner. Industry pioneers saw an ...