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Activity theory (AT; Russian: Теория деятельности) [1] is an umbrella term for a line of eclectic social-sciences theories and research with its roots in the Soviet psychological activity theory pioneered by Sergei Rubinstein in the 1930s. It was later advocated for and popularized by Alexei Leont'ev.
Leontiev's own research school is based on a thorough psychological analysis of the phenomenon of activity. Systematic development of the psychological foundations of activity theory was started in the 1930s by Kharkiv group of psychologists headed by Leontiev and included such researchers as Zaporozhets , Galperin, Zinchenko , Bozhovich, Asnin ...
A.N. Leontiev developed the second generation of activity theory, which is a collective model. In Engeström's [ 12 ] depiction of second-generation activity, the unit of analysis includes collective motivated activity toward an object, making room for understanding how collective action by social groups mediates activity.
Later, however, Alexei Leontiev and other "neo-Vygotskians" such as Alexander Zaporozhets and Daniel Elkonin (Zaporozhets 1997; Zaporozhets & Elkonin 1971) made the concept a fundamental element of their activity theory of child development. The concept has now been extended to several stages or periods in human development.
The group conducted a wide range of psychological studies on concept formation in children, voluntary and involuntary memory, development of visual-operational thinking, voluntary behaviour, and reasoning, the role of orientation in thought and activity, etc. that laid the foundation for the psychological theory of activity.
Anna Stetsenko is a developmental psychologist known for her important contributions to cultural-historical activity theory, building on the work of Lev Vygotsky, Leontiev and Alexander Luria. Her research centers human development, education, and social theory. [1]
The major theoretical influence, acknowledged by de Morais, [3] [44] in the development of the LGC concept and method, is the work of Aleksei N. Leontiev [49] specifically his concept of Objective(ized) Activity [50] which means that, in order to change the mind-set of individuals, we need to start with changes to their activity – and/or to ...
The structure of the hypothesized need is isomorphic with that of the work considered as a "specifically human basic activity" and defined as that of arranging in one and the same structure ends and means. The hypothesis is based on the activity theory of Alexei Leontiev. [4]