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Hamilcar — strategus during the First Punic War. Not identical with the homonym officer mentioned by Diod. XXIV 12. ELip; Hamilcar — commander during the First Punic War; Hamilcar Barca (c. 270–228 BC) — general during and after the First Punic War (264–241 BC). Father of Hannibal of the Second Punic War
Neo-Punic refers to the dialect of Punic spoken after the fall of Carthage and after the Roman conquest of the former Punic territories in 146 BC. The dialect differed from the earlier Punic language, as is evident from divergent spelling compared to earlier Punic and by the use of non-Semitic names, mostly of Libyco-Berber or Iberian origin.
Name Reign Notes Image Atlas: 12th Century BC King of Libya [1] [2] [3] Iarbas: 9th Century BC King that welcomed Queen dido of Carthage and allowed establishment of the city of carthage Madghis: 4th Century BC King of Numidia of which the mosoleum of Medghacen was named after [4] [5] Zelalsen 3rd early Century BC Unknown, possibly shuphet [6] Gala
In 122 BC, Gaius Gracchus, a populist Roman senator, founded the short-lived colony of Colonia Iunonia, after the Latin name for the Punic goddess Tanit, Iuno Caelestis. Located near the site of Carthage, its purpose was to provide arable land for impoverished farmers, but it was soon abolished by the Roman Senate to undermine Gracchus' power.
Punic influence on inland regions is seen from the early 6th century, notably at Althiburos, where Punic construction techniques and red-slip pottery appear at the time. [38] Armed conflicts with the Libyans are first attested in the early 5th century, with several revolts attested in the fourth century (398, 370s, 310-307 BC).
Carthage - the most powerful of the Phoenician settlements, eventually being destroyed by the Romans; Utica - earliest settlement in Africa; Hippo Diarrhytus - now Bizerte, the northernmost city in Africa
Hamilcar is the latinization of Hamílkas (Ancient Greek: Ἁμίλκας), the hellenized form of the common Semitic Phoenician-Carthaginian masculine given name ḤMLK (Punic: 𐤇𐤌𐤋𐤊) [1] [2] or ḤMLQRT (𐤇𐤌𐤋𐤒𐤓𐤕), [citation needed] meaning "Melqart's brother".
During the 3rd century BC, the Barcids comprised one of the leading Phoenician families in the ruling oligarchy of Carthage. Realizing that the expansion of the Roman Republic into the Mediterranean Sea threatened the mercantile power of Carthage, they fought in the First Punic War (264–241 BC) and prepared themselves for the Second Punic War (218–201 BC).