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An IP packet is the smallest message entity exchanged via the Internet Protocol across an IP network. IP packets consist of a header for addressing and routing, and a payload for user data. The header contains information about IP version, source IP address , destination IP address, time-to-live , etc.
Novell NetWare used this frame type by default until the mid-nineties, and since NetWare was then very widespread, while IP was not, at some point in time most of the world's Ethernet traffic ran over "raw" 802.3 carrying IPX. Since NetWare 4.10, NetWare defaults to IEEE 802.2 with LLC (NetWare Frame Type Ethernet_802.2) when using IPX.
The IP header is different from the modern IPv4 header. IEN 44 Latest Header Formats ( June 1978) describes another version of IPv4, also with a header different from the modern IPv4 header. IEN 54 Internetwork Protocol Specification Version 4 ( September 1978) is the first description of IPv4 using the header that would become standardized in ...
IP packets are composed of a header and payload. The header consists of fixed and optional fields. The payload appears immediately after the header. An IP packet has no trailer. However, an IP packet is often carried as the payload inside an Ethernet frame, which has its own header and trailer.
The first header field in an IP packet is the Version field. For IPv4, this is always equal to 4. Internet Header Length (IHL): 4 bits The IPv4 header is variable in size due to the optional 14th field (Options). The IHL field contains the size of the IPv4 header; it has 4 bits that specify the number of 32-bit words in the header.
Extension headers form a chain, using the Next Header fields. The Next Header field in the fixed header indicates the type of the first extension header; the Next Header field of the last extension header indicates the type of the upper-layer protocol header in the payload of the packet. All extension headers are a multiple of 8 octets in size ...
RFC 791 describes the procedure for IP fragmentation, and transmission and reassembly of IP packets. [1] RFC 815 describes a simplified reassembly algorithm. [2] The Identification field along with the foreign and local internet address and the protocol ID, and Fragment offset field along with Don't Fragment and More Fragments flags in the IP header are used for fragmentation and reassembly of ...
This field is the length of the encapsulated IP packet (including Outer IP Header, Inner IP Header, IP Payload). Identification: 16 bits This field is used to identify the fragments of a datagram which will be helpful while reassembling the datagram as the encapsulator might fragment the datagram. For the Outer IP Header, a new number is generated.