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The electronic properties of graphene are significantly influenced by the supporting substrate. [59] [60] The Si(100)/H surface does not perturb graphene's electronic properties, whereas the interaction between it and the clean Si(100) surface changes its electronic states significantly. This effect results from the covalent bonding between C ...
Graphene (/ ˈ ɡ r æ f iː n /) [1] is a carbon allotrope consisting of a single layer of atoms arranged in a honeycomb planar nanostructure. [2] [3] The name "graphene" is derived from "graphite" and the suffix -ene, indicating the presence of double bonds within the carbon structure.
Graphene exhibits a pronounced response to perpendicular external electric fields, potentially forming field-effect transistors (FET), but the absence of a band gap fundamentally limits its on-off conductance ratio to less than ~30 at room temperature. [36] A 2006 paper proposed an all-graphene planar FET with side gates. [37]
So far, the graphene plasmonic effects have been demonstrated for different applications ranging from light modulation [15] [16] to biological/chemical sensing. [17] [18] [19] High-speed photodetection at 10 Gbit/s based on graphene and 20-fold improvement on the detection efficiency through graphene/gold nanostructure were also reported. [20]
80 fullerene is not a global maximum for 80-atom boron clusters and hence can not be found in nature; the most stable configurations have complex geometries. [42] The same paper concluded that boron's energy landscape, unlike others, has many disordered low-energy structures, hence pure boron fullerenes are unlikely to exist in nature. [42]
But a paper in 1988 claimed that a better theory was that the structure was the same as that of an allotrope of silicon called Si-III or γ-silicon, the so-called BC8 structure with space group Ia 3 and 8 atoms per primitive unit cell (16 atoms per conventional unit cell).
A graphene morphology is any of the structures related to, and formed from, single sheets of graphene. 'Graphene' is typically used to refer to the crystalline monolayer of the naturally occurring material graphite. Due to quantum confinement of electrons within the material at these low dimensions, small differences in graphene morphology can ...
Fullerene whiskers and tubes are held together by weak van der Waals forces, and hence are very soft. [1] They can be grown by precipitation at an interface between two liquids. They are semiconductors and have potential uses in field-effect transistors , solar cells , chemical sensors, and photocatalysts .