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Tacrolimus, sold under the brand name Prograf among others, is an immunosuppressive drug. After allogenic organ transplant , the risk of organ rejection is moderate. To lower the risk of organ rejection, tacrolimus is given.
Although it is a structural analogue of tacrolimus, it acts somewhat differently and has different side-effects. Contrary to ciclosporin and tacrolimus, drugs that affect the first phase of T lymphocyte activation, sirolimus affects the second phase, namely signal transduction and lymphocyte clonal proliferation.
mTOR inhibitors are a class of drugs used to treat several human diseases, including cancer, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegeneration. They function by inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (also known as the mechanistic target of rapamycin), which is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that belongs to the family of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) related kinases ...
Pimecrolimus has a similar mode of action to that of tacrolimus but is more selective, with no effect on dendritic (Langerhans) cells. [19] It has lower permeation through the skin than topical steroids or topical tacrolimus [20] although they have not been compared with each other for their permeation ability through mucosa. In addition, in ...
In general, use a potent preparation short term and weaker preparation for maintenance between flare-ups. While there is no proven best benefit-to-risk ratio, [11] if prolonged use of a topical steroid on a skin surface is required, a pulse therapy should be undertaken.
Red burning skin syndrome from topical steroids. Typical pattern on lower arms and hands. Before discontinuation, steroid dermatitis is characterised by spreading dermatitis and worsening skin inflammation, which requires a stronger topical steroid to get the same result as the first prescription.
Ciclosporin is indicated to treat and prevent graft-versus-host disease in bone marrow transplantation and to prevent rejection of kidney, heart, and liver transplants. [8] [7] It is also approved in the US for treating of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, persistent nummular keratitis following adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis, [25] [7] and as eye drops for treating dry eyes caused by ...
Dithranol or anthralin (USAN and former BAN) is a hydroxyanthrone, anthracene derivative, and is used in medications applied to the skin of people with psoriasis.It is available as creams, ointment or pastes in 0.1 to 2% strengths (Drithocreme, Dithrocream, Zithranol-RR, Micanol, Psorlin, Dritho-Scalp, Anthraforte, Anthranol and Anthrascalp).