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Δ-10-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-10-THC, Δ 10-THC, alternatively numbered as Δ 2-THC) is a positional isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol, discovered in the 1980s.Two epimers have been reported in the literature, with the 9-methyl group in either the (R) or (S) conformation; of these, the (R) epimer appears to be the more active isomer as well as the double bond in the 10th position instead of ...
Cannabinoids (/ k ə ˈ n æ b ə n ɔɪ d z ˌ ˈ k æ n ə b ə n ɔɪ d z /) are compounds found in the cannabis plant or synthetic compounds that can interact with the endocannabinoid system. [1] [2] The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (Delta-9-THC), the primary intoxicating compound in cannabis.
Although the chemical formula for THC (C 21 H 30 O 2) describes multiple isomers, [10] the term THC usually refers to the delta-9-THC isomer with chemical name (−)-trans-Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol. It is a colorless oil.
The two cannabinoids usually produced in greatest abundance are cannabidiol (CBD) and/or Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), but only THC is psychoactive. [55] Since the early 1970s, Cannabis plants have been categorized by their chemical phenotype or "chemotype", based on the overall amount of THC produced, and on the ratio of THC to CBD. [56]
Δ-11-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-11-THC, Δ 11-THC, Δ 9(11)-THC, exo-Tetrahydrocannabinol) is a rare isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol, developed in the 1970s. It can be synthesised from Δ 8 -THC by several different routes, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] though only the (6aR, 10aR) enantiomer is known.
Via CB 1 receptor activation, THC indirectly increases dopamine release and produces psychotropic effects. [132] CBD also acts as an allosteric modulator of the μ-and δ-opioid receptors. [133] THC also potentiates the effects of the glycine receptors. [134] It is unknown if or how these actions contribute to the effects of cannabis. [135]
Δ-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-8-THC, [a] Δ 8-THC) is a psychoactive cannabinoid found in the cannabis plant. [1] It is an isomer of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC, Δ 9-THC), the compound commonly known as THC, with which it co-occurs in hemp; natural quantities of ∆ 8-THC found in hemp are low.
At least three isomers of parahexyl have been studied and are known to be active as cannabinoids. Parahexyl itself (i.e. the Δ 6a(10a) isomer) has not had any significant use in scientific research since it was banned internationally in the early 1980s; however, the Δ 8 and Δ 9 isomers are both known to be cannabinoid receptor agonists, and Δ 8-parahexyl has the code number JWH-124, [10 ...