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The basic building blocks of CLOS are methods, classes, instances of those classes, and generic functions. CLOS provides macros to define those: defclass, defmethod, and defgeneric. Instances are created with the method make-instance.
Larman states that "the critical design tool for software development is a mind well educated in design principles. It is not UML or any other technology." [3]: 272 Thus, the GRASP principles are really a mental toolset, a learning aid to help in the design of object-oriented software.
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of objects. [1] Objects can contain data (called fields , attributes or properties ) and have actions they can perform (called procedures or methods and implemented in code ).
The builder pattern is a design pattern that provides a flexible solution to various object creation problems in object-oriented programming.The builder pattern separates the construction of a complex object from its representation.
Object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD) is a technical approach for analyzing and designing an application, system, or business by applying object-oriented programming, as well as using visual modeling throughout the software development process to guide stakeholder communication and product quality.
In object-oriented programming, code is organized into objects that contain state that is owned by and (usually) controlled by the code of the object. Most object-oriented languages are also imperative languages. In object-oriented programming, programs are treated as a set of interacting objects.
Object-Oriented Software Construction, also called OOSC, is a book by Bertrand Meyer, widely considered a foundational text of object-oriented programming. [citation needed] The first edition was published in 1988; the second edition, extensively revised and expanded (more than 1300 pages), in 1997.
In software development, an object is an entity that has state, behavior, and identity. [1]: 78 An object can model some part of reality or can be an invention of the design process whose collaborations with other such objects serve as the mechanisms that provide some higher-level behavior.