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Chemically, the cortex, thalline and true exciple, and epihymenium react with a purple-violet colour change to the K spot test. Marchantiana occidentalis contains parietin as a major secondary metabolite (lichen product), along with minor amounts of parietinic acid, emodin, and traces of ascomatic acid, methyl ascomatate, and 7-O ...
Creatine kinase (CK), also known as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) or phosphocreatine kinase, is an enzyme (EC 2.7.3.2) expressed by various tissues and cell types.CK catalyses the conversion of creatine and uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to create phosphocreatine (PCr) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP).
Cohen's kappa measures the agreement between two raters who each classify N items into C mutually exclusive categories. The definition of is =, where p o is the relative observed agreement among raters, and p e is the hypothetical probability of chance agreement, using the observed data to calculate the probabilities of each observer randomly selecting each category.
This spot test may be performed by wetting the thallus with K followed immediately by C. The initial application of K breaks down (via hydrolysis) ester bonds in depsides and depsidones. If a phenolic hydroxyl group is released that is meta to another hydroxyl, then a red to orange colour is produced as C is applied. [15]
Both the k-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman (k-WL) and the k-dimensional folklore Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm (k-FWL) are extensions of 1-WL from above operating on k-tuples instead of individual nodes. While their difference looks innocent on the first glance, it can be shown that k-WL and (k-1)-FWL (for k>2) distinguish the same pairs of graphs.
By comparing the polymorphism within each species and the divergence observed between two species at two or more loci, the test can determine whether the observed difference is likely due to neutral evolution or rather due to adaptive evolution. [1] Developed in 1987, the HKA test is a precursor to the McDonald-Kreitman test, which was derived ...
The McDonald–Kreitman test [1] is a statistical test often used by evolutionary and population biologists to detect and measure the amount of adaptive evolution within a species by determining whether adaptive evolution has occurred, and the proportion of substitutions that resulted from positive selection (also known as directional selection).
The test was developed by Alan S. Kaufman and Nadeen L. Kaufman in 1983 and revised in 2004. The test has been translated and adopted for many countries, such as the Japanese version of the K-ABC by the Japanese psychologists Tatsuya Matsubara, Kazuhiro Fujita, Hisao Maekawa, and Toshinori Ishikuma.