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Phaseolus vulgaris, the common bean, [3] is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or green, unripe pods. Its leaf is also occasionally used as a vegetable and the straw as fodder. Its botanical classification, along with other Phaseolus species, is as a member of the legume family, Fabaceae.
The pinto bean (/ ˈ p ɪ n t oʊ /) is a variety of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).In Spanish they are called frijoles pintos.It is the most popular bean by crop production in Northern Mexico and the Southwestern United States, [3] [4] and is most often eaten whole (sometimes in broth), or mashed and then refried.
The navy bean, haricot bean, pearl haricot bean, [3] Boston bean, [4] white pea bean, [5] or pea bean [6] is a variety of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) native to the Americas, where it was first domesticated. [7] It is a dry white bean that is smaller than many other types of white beans, and has an oval, slightly flattened shape. [3]
The generic name Phaseolus was introduced by Linnaeus in 1753, [7] from the Latin phaseolus, a diminutive of phasēlus, in turn borrowed from Greek φάσηλος / phasēlos of unknown origin. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The Ancient Greeks probably referred to any bean in a pod as phasēlos , [ 10 ] which at the time, in Europe, were only of Asian origin.
The Appaloosa Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), plant grows up to 24 inches (610 mm) tall, with the beans about a 1 ⁄ 2 inch (13 mm) in length. The pods can be eaten as a fresh green bean. [3] Front portion of the bean is ivory colored; the other end is speckled with dark purple–brown.
The cranberry bean is a variety of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) first bred in Colombia as the cargamanto. [3] It is also known as the Borlotti bean, Roman bean, romano bean (not to be confused with the Italian flat bean, a green bean also called "romano bean"), saluggia bean, gadhra bean or rosecoco bean. [4]
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The flageolet bean is a variety of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) originating from France. The flageolet is picked before full maturity and dried in the shade to retain its green color. The bean is small, light green, and kidney-shaped. The texture is firm and creamy when shelled and cooked. The flageolet bean is grown in California. [3]