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The air pollution problem was even more severe in Eastern Europe. It caused a rapid growth in lung cancer, forest die-back and damage to buildings and cultural heritages. According to official sources, 58 percent of total agricultural land of the former Soviet Union was affected by salinization, erosion, acidity, or waterlogging.
"Anti-socialism" redirects here. For opposition to communism, see Anti-communism. For other uses, see Antisocial (disambiguation). This article is about criticism of socialist economic systems and political movements. For criticism of Communist states, see Criticism of Communist party rule. For criticism of Marxism, a branch of socialism, see Criticism of Marxism. For criticism of social ...
According to critics, this also creates another problem for Marxism. If the superstructure also influences the base then there is no need for Marx's constant assertions that the history of society is one of economic class conflict. This then becomes a classic chicken or the egg argument as to whether the base or the superstructure comes first.
Problems of Post-Communism is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering economic, political, security, and international developments in post-communist countries. Until 1992 it was known as Problems of Communism and predicted the collapse of the USSR . [ 2 ]
The seat of the editorial office in the building of the archbishop's seminary in Prague at ul. Thákurova 3. Problems of Peace and Socialism (Russian: Проблемы мира и социализма), also commonly known as World Marxist Review (WMR), the name of its English-language edition, was a monthly theoretical journal containing jointly-produced content by Communist and workers ...
The history of communism encompasses a wide variety of ideologies and political movements sharing the core principles of common ownership of wealth, economic enterprise, and property. [1] [2] Most modern forms of communism are grounded at least nominally in Marxism, a theory and method conceived by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels during the 19th ...
Part of a series on Communism Concepts Anti-capitalism Class conflict Class consciousness Classless society Collective leadership Communist party Communist revolution Communist state Commune Communist society Critique of political economy Free association "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs" Market abolitionism Proletarian internationalism Labour movement Social ...
Between June 1989 and April 1991, every communist or former communist country in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia—and in the case of the USSR and Yugoslavia, every constituent republic—held competitive parliamentary elections for the first time in many decades. Some elections were only partly free, while others were fully democratic.