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Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an autosomal recessive kidney tubule disorder characterized by low blood levels of potassium and magnesium, decreased excretion of calcium in the urine, and elevated blood pH. [2] It is the most frequent hereditary salt-losing tubulopathy. Gitelman syndrome is caused by disease-causing variants on both alleles of the ...
HUS typically develops about 5–10 days after the first symptoms, but can take up to 3 weeks to manifest, and occurs at a time when the diarrhea is improving. [10] Related symptoms and signs include lethargy, decreased urine output, blood in the urine, kidney failure, low platelets, (which are needed for blood clotting), and destruction of red ...
Kidney infarction: CT scan of the abdomen showing partial infarct of the left kidney. Specialty: Nephrology: Symptoms: Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. [1] Complications: Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. [1] Causes: Cardioembolic disease, renal artery injury, and hypercoagulable state. [1] Diagnostic method
This causes symptoms due to the shift of fluid into the intestinal lumen, with plasma volume contraction and acute intestinal distention. [3] Osmotic diarrhea, distension of the small bowel leading to crampy abdominal pain, and reduced blood volume can result. Late dumping syndrome occurs 2 to 3 hours after a meal.
Symptoms: Acute: sudden severe pain [1] Chronic: abdominal pain after eating, unintentional weight loss, vomiting [2] [1] Usual onset > 60 years old [3] Types: Acute, chronic [1] Risk factors: Atrial fibrillation, heart failure, chronic kidney failure, being prone to forming blood clots, previous myocardial infarction [2] Diagnostic method
Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition called acute-on-chronic kidney failure (AoCRF). The acute part of AoCRF may be reversible, and the goal of treatment, as with AKI, is to return the person to baseline kidney function, typically measured by serum creatinine .
A persistent (chronic) history of diarrhea, with watery or mushy, unformed stools, (types 6 and 7 on the Bristol stool scale), sometimes with steatorrhea, increased frequency and urgency of defecation are common manifestations, often with fecal incontinence and other gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal swelling, bloating and abdominal pain.
Symptoms usually occur 12–16 days after exposure to the virus, but may appear as early as 5 days or as late as 42 days after exposure. [1] A hallmark of HFRS is acute kidney disease with kidney swelling, excess protein in urine (proteinuria), and blood in urine (hematuria).