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  2. History of Jainism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Jainism

    Jain texts and tradition believe in 24 Tirthankaras. They are depicted as five to one hundred times taller than average human beings and to have lived for thousands of years in Jain tradition. [31] [30] [32] Historians only consider the last two generally based on historical figures of the 1st millennium BCE.

  3. Jainism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism

    Jainism (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ n ɪ z əm / JAY-niz-əm), also known as Jain Dharma, [1] is an Indian religion.Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of dharma), with the first in the current time cycle being Rishabhadeva, whom the tradition holds to have lived millions of years ago, the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha ...

  4. Śramaṇa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Śramaṇa

    According to Jain, only two references to śramaṇa are found in the Vedic literature, one in verse 4.3.22 of the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (7th-6th cent. BCE). It refers to a śramaṇa as belonging to a class of mendicant, but it is not clear if this was a member of a non-Vedic order as described in the much later Pali-canon. [17] [18]

  5. Jainism and Sikhism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism_and_Sikhism

    Jainism (/ˈdʒeɪnɪzəm/), traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion. Jain dharma traces its spiritual ideas and history through a succession of twenty-four leaders or tirthankaras, with the first in current time cycle being Lord Rishabhanatha, whom the Jain tradition holds to have lived millions of years ago, the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha whom historians ...

  6. Jain schools and branches - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jain_schools_and_branches

    Other than rejecting or accepting different ancient Jain texts, Digambaras and Śvetāmbara differ in other significant ways such as: Śvetāmbaras trace their practices and dress code to the teachings of Parshvanatha, the 23rd tirthankara, which they believe taught only Four restraints (a claim, scholars say are confirmed by the ancient Buddhist texts that discuss Jain monastic life).

  7. Ahimsa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahimsa

    He commended Indian traditions for their ethics of ahimsa, considering the prohibition against killing and harming "one of the greatest events in the spiritual history of humankind". However, he noted that "not-killing" and "not-harming" might be unfeasible in certain situations, like self-defense, or ethically complex, as in cases of prolonged ...

  8. Timeline of Jainism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Jainism

    Jainism is an ancient Indian religion belonging to the śramaṇa tradition. It prescribes ahimsa (non-violence) towards all living beings to the greatest possible extent. The three main teachings of Jainism are ahimsa , anekantavada (non-absolutism), aparigraha (non-possessiveness).

  9. Digambara - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digambara

    [11] However, according to Jinabhadra Gaṇi in his work Viśeṣāvaśyaka Bhāṣya, from which this account of the sect’s creation is derived, he explicitly states that Sivabhuti was the eighth heretic who is regarded as the founder 'Bodiya ditthi' or Botika sect. [12] [13] [14] He is accused of starting the Digambara Jain tradition with ...