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The eyes of most salamanders are adapted primarily for vision at night. In some permanently aquatic species, they are reduced in size and have a simplified retinal structure, and in cave dwellers such as the Georgia blind salamander , they are absent or covered with a layer of skin.
[13] [14] External gills are usually lost when salamander species mature into adulthood, although the axolotl maintains this feature. [15] This is due to their neoteny evolution, where axolotls are much more aquatic than other salamander species. [16] Their heads are wide, and their eyes are lidless.
Eyes Regressed. Almost normally developed, although still small compared to other amphibians. Covered by a thin layer of transparent skin, no eyelids. Regressed eye of White Proteus shows first of all immunolabelling for the red-sensitive cone opsin. The eye of Black Proteus has principal rods, red-sensitive cones and blue- or UV- sensitive cones.
The hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis), also known as the hellbender salamander, is a species of aquatic giant salamander endemic to the eastern and central United States. It is the largest salamander in North America. A member of the family Cryptobranchidae, the hellbender is the only extant member of the genus Cryptobranchus.
Some species have only rudimentary (or even absent) eyes (blind salamanders). Others lack pigmentation, rendering them a pale yellowish or pinkish color (e.g., Eurycea rathbuni ). With the notable exception of the olm ( Proteus anguinus ), all "cave salamanders" are members of the family Plethodontidae ("lungless salamanders").
Dendrotriton or bromeliad salamanders is a genus of salamanders in the family Plethodontidae, endemic to South and Central America: from Southwestern Chiapas, Mexico, to Honduras. [1] These are lungless species possessing a slender body, long tail and prominent eyes. They inhabit high-elevation forests with high humidity.
Eurycea neotenes, also known as the Texas salamander, Bexar County salamander, Edwards Plateau salamander, or Texas neotenic salamander, [3] is a species of entirely aquatic, lungless salamander native to the United States. It is endemic to central Texas, near Helotes, in Bexar County.
Adult mud salamanders are known for their reddish-brown color, brown eyes, stocky girth, and short tails. They have between 30 and 40 distinct round black spots on their backs by the time they reach adulthood. [6] Younger mud salamanders are typically bright red, orangish-brown, or crimson, [7] with unmarked stomachs and separated spots. As ...