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Page from the Gospel of Judas Mandaean Beth Manda in Nasiriyah, southern Iraq, in 2016, a contemporary-style mandi. Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek: γνωστικός, romanized: gnōstikós, Koine Greek: [ɣnostiˈkos], 'having knowledge') is a collection of religious ideas and systems that coalesced in the late 1st century AD among early Christian sects.
A characteristic feature of the Gnostic concept of the universe is the role played in almost all Gnostic systems by the seven world-creating archons, known as the Hebdomad (Koinē Greek: ἑβδομάς). These Seven are, in most systems, semi-hostile powers and are reckoned as the last and lowest emanations of the Godhead; below them—and ...
Gnosticism used a number of religious texts that are preserved, in part or whole, in ancient manuscripts, or lost but mentioned critically in Patristic writings. There is significant scholarly debate around what Gnosticism is, and therefore what qualifies as a "Gnostic text." [1]
Gnostic Revisions of Genesis Stories and Early Jesus Traditions. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. ISBN 90-04-14510-9. McGuire, Anne (2000). "Virginity and Subversion: Norea Against the Powers in the Hypostasis of he Archons". In King, Karen (ed.). Images of the Feminine in Gnosticism. Harrisburg, Pa: Trinity Press International. ISBN 1-56338-331-4.
Sethianism was a 2nd-century Gnostic movement that believed in a supreme God, Sophia, the Demiurge, and gnosis as the path to salvation. [12] Basilideanism: Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Churches, mainline Protestantism: Basilideanism was a Gnostic Christian sect founded by Basilides of Alexandria.
The Gnostic Jung and the Seven Sermons to the Dead. Quest Books. ISBN 0-8356-0568-X. Hoeller, Stephan. Gnosticism: New light on the ancient tradition of inner knowing. Quest Books. Jonas, Hans (1966). “Gnosticism, Existentialism, and Nihilism.” In The Phenomenon of Life: Toward a Philosophical Biology, University of Chicago Press.
The pneumatics ("spiritual", from Greek πνεῦμα, "spirit") were, in Gnosticism, the highest order of humans, the other two orders being psychics and hylics ("matter"). A pneumatic saw themselves as escaping the doom of the material world via the transcendent knowledge of Sophia 's Divine Spark from inner revelation coming from the highest ...
The Sethians (Greek: Σηθιανοί) were one of the main currents of Gnosticism during the 2nd and 3rd century AD, along with Valentinianism and Basilideanism.According to John D. Turner, it originated in the 2nd century AD as a fusion of two distinct Hellenistic Judaic philosophies and was influenced by Christianity and Middle Platonism. [1]