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The Kashmir Shaivism tradition, also called Trika Shaivism, is a non-dualist branch of Shaiva-Shakta Tantra Hinduism that originated in Kashmir after 850 CE. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In its place of origin in Kashmir, this tradition is commonly referred to as " Kashmiri Shaivism ."
Somananda (875–925 CE) [1] was one of the teachers of Kashmir Shaivism, in the lineage of Trayambaka, author of the first philosophical treatise of this school, Śivadṛṣṭi. [2] A contemporary of Bhaṭṭa Kallaṭa, [3] the two formed the first wave of Kashmiri Shaivites to propose in a rigorous and logical way the concepts of nondual ...
Vasugupta is regarded by some as the founder of the system of Hindu philosophy known as Advaita Shaivism of Kashmir, or Trika. [2] Vasugupta's Shiva Sutra is an important Yoga text, foundational to the Trika system of Kashmir Shaivism. The text discusses the nature and cause of bondage, and how one liberates from this bondage.
The Pratyabhijñā system had a period of intense development between the ninth and the eleventh centuries, [6]: 409 with a lineage of masters and disciples who wrote treatises and mystical poetry. The founder of the Pratyabhijñā school was Somananda (875–925 CE); [ 7 ] his work Śivadṛṣṭi is the basis of the system.
The Kashmiri Shaivism is combination of Shaivism, Agama and Tantra. A number of commentaries were written by Vasugupta's contemporaries or successors. Most famous of them is Kshemaraja's Vimarshini (10th Century C.E.) which has been translated into English by Jaideva Singh and Swami Lakshman Joo .
Mark S. G. Dyczkowski (29 August 1951 – 2 February 2025) was an English Indologist, musician, and scholar of Tantra and Kashmir Shaivism. [1] He has published multiple translations and commentaries, most notably the 12-volume Manthanabhairava Tantra [2] and an 11-volume Tantrāloka including the commentary by Jayaratha.
Aham, a concept of Kashmir Shaivism, is defined as the supreme heart (hṛdayam), [1] transcendent Self, supreme I awareness [2] or infinite consciousness. [3] The space of Aham is where khecarī mudrā (free movement in the space of the heart) is realised. Khecarī mudrā is considered the supreme state of spiritual evolution.
Lakshman Joo was born in a Kashmiri Hindu Brahmin family in the city of Srinagar in Kashmir. He was the fifth child in a household of four boys and five girls. His mother's name was Arnyamali Raina. At the age of five he was introduced to the path of spirituality by his elder brother Maheshvaranath.