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Symptoms include abdominal pain, abdominal bloating, vomiting, constipation, and bloody stool. [1] [2] Onset of symptoms may be rapid or more gradual. [2] The mesentery may become so tightly twisted that blood flow to part of the intestine is cut off, resulting in ischemic bowel. [1]
The narrow mesentery predisposes some cases of malrotation to midgut volvulus, a twisting of the entire small bowel that can obstruct the mesenteric blood vessels leading to intestinal ischemia, necrosis, and death if not promptly treated. The fibrous Ladd's bands can constrict the duodenum, leading to intestinal obstruction.
Sigmoid colon volvulus, also known as sigmoid volvulus, is volvulus affecting the sigmoid colon. It is a common cause of bowel obstruction [ 1 ] and constipation . It is common in Asia, India (7% of intestinal obstruction ) and especially South India because of the high fibre diet.
The intraperitoneal regions include most of the stomach, first part of the duodenum, all of the small intestine, caecum and appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon and rectum. In these sections of the gut there is clear boundary between the gut and the surrounding tissue. These parts of the tract have a mesentery.
The sigmoid colon is completely surrounded by peritoneum (and thus is not retroperitoneal), which forms a mesentery (sigmoid mesocolon), which diminishes in length from the center toward the ends of the loop, where it disappears, so that the loop is fixed at its junctions with the iliac colon and rectum, but enjoys a considerable range of movement in its central portion.
The descending colon, medial deviation of the cecum, and "the whirl sign," which is produced by the twisted intestinal tract and sigmoid mesocolon in ileosigmoid knot, are findings in a CT scan that are suggestive of ileosigmoid knotting. Furthermore, some have observed the radial distribution of the mesenteric vasculature and the intestine and ...
The transverse mesocolon is that section of the mesentery attached to the transverse colon that lies between the colic flexures. The sigmoid mesocolon is that region of the mesentery to which the sigmoid colon is attached at the gastrointestinal mesenteric margin. The mesoappendix is the portion of the mesentery connecting the ileum to the ...
The proximal margin should be an area of the pliable colon without hypertrophy or inflammation. The distal margin should extend to the upper third of the rectum where the taenia coalesces. Not all of the diverticula-bearing colon must be removed, since diverticula proximal to the descending or sigmoid colon are unlikely to result in further ...