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In logic, mathematics, and computer science, arity (/ ˈ ær ɪ t i / ⓘ) is the number of arguments or operands taken by a function, operation or relation. In mathematics, arity may also be called rank, [1] [2] but this word can have many other meanings. In logic and philosophy, arity may also be called adicity and degree.
An n-ary operation ω on a set X is a function ω: X n → X. The set X n is called the domain of the operation, the output set is called the codomain of the operation, and the fixed non-negative integer n (the number of operands) is called the arity of the operation. Thus a unary operation has arity one, and a binary operation has arity two.
function letter (arity >0), operation letter/symbol (arity >0), function symbol (arity ≥0), function symbol (arity >0) function symbol either arity >0, i.e. excl. constant symbols, or arity ≥0, i.e. including constant symbols individual constant, constant, (individual) constant symbol, constant symbol constant symbol predicate letter (arity ...
The interpretation of a constant symbol (a function symbol of arity 0) is a function from D 0 (a set whose only member is the empty tuple) to D, which can be simply identified with an object in D. For example, an interpretation may assign the value I ( c ) = 10 {\displaystyle I(c)=10} to the constant symbol c {\displaystyle c} .
In a sense, these are nullary (i.e. 0-arity) predicates. In first-order logic, a predicate forms an atomic formula when applied to an appropriate number of terms. In set theory with the law of excluded middle, predicates are understood to be characteristic functions or set indicator functions (i.e., functions from a set element to a truth value).
The non-negative integer n that gives the number of "places" in the relation is called the arity, ... say, B = {0, 1 }, whose elements ... Every nullary function is a ...
In mathematics and optimization, a pseudo-Boolean function is a function of the form :, where B = {0, 1} is a Boolean domain and n is a nonnegative integer called the arity of the function. A Boolean function is then a special case, where the values are also restricted to 0 or 1.
The hypergeometric function is an example of a four-argument function. The number of arguments that a function takes is called the arity of the function. A function that takes a single argument as input, such as f ( x ) = x 2 {\displaystyle f(x)=x^{2}} , is called a unary function .