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Large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia is a chronic lymphoproliferative disorder that exhibits an unexplained, chronic (> 6 months) elevation in large granular lymphocytes (LGLs) in the peripheral blood. [1] It is divided in two main categories: T-cell LGL leukemia (T-LGLL) and natural-killer (NK)-cell LGL leukemia (NK-LGLL).
T-cell leukemia describes several different types of lymphoid leukemia which affect T cells. Types include: [1] Large granular lymphocytic leukemia; Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma; T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia; In practice, it can be hard to distinguish T-cell leukemia from T-cell lymphoma, and they are often grouped together.
Whereas acute leukemia must be treated immediately, chronic forms are sometimes monitored for some time before treatment to ensure maximum effectiveness of therapy. Chronic leukemia mostly occurs in older people but can occur in any age group. Additionally, the diseases are subdivided according to which kind of blood cell is affected.
Natural killer cells, also known as NK cells, are a type of cytotoxic lymphocyte critical to the innate immune system.They are a kind of large granular lymphocytes [1] [2] (LGL), and belong to the rapidly expanding family of known innate lymphoid cells (ILC) and represent 5–20% of all circulating lymphocytes in humans. [3]
The most common T-cell leukemia is precursor T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. [1] It causes 15% of acute leukemias in childhood, and also 40% of lymphomas in childhood. [1] It is most common in adolescent males. [1] Its morphology is identical to that of precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia. [1] Cell markers include TdT, CD2, CD7. [1]
Thomas P. Loughran, Jr. is an American physician-scientist who specializes in cancer research and treatment. He became director of the University of Virginia Cancer Center, F. Palmer Weber-Smithfield Foods Professor of Oncology Research and Professor of Medicine at the University of Virginia on August 15, 2013. [1]
Aggressive NK-cell leukemia is a disease with an aggressive, systemic proliferation of natural killer cells (NK cells) and a rapidly declining clinical course. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is also called aggressive NK-cell lymphoma .
Chronic leukemia is an increase of abnormal white blood cells. It differs from acute leukemia, and is categorized as myelogenous, lymphocytic or myeloproliferative. Chronic leukemia may refer to: Chronic myelogenous leukemia; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia, including Hairy cell leukemia