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  2. Marine biogenic calcification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_biogenic_calcification

    This series of reactions governs the pH levels in the ocean and also dictates the saturation state of seawater, indicating how saturated or unsaturated the seawater is with carbonate ions. Consequently, the saturation state significantly influences the balance between the dissolution and calcification processes in marine biogenic calcifiers.

  3. Lysocline - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysocline

    The lysocline is the depth in the ocean dependent upon the carbonate compensation depth (CCD), usually around 5 km, below which the rate of dissolution of calcite increases dramatically because of a pressure effect. While the lysocline is the upper bound of this transition zone of calcite saturation, the CCD is the lower bound of this zone. [1]

  4. Oxygen minimum zone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_minimum_zone

    In OMZs oxygen concentration drops to levels <10 nM at the base of the oxycline and can remain anoxic for over 700 m depth. [7] This lack of oxygen can be reinforced or increased due to physical processes changing oxygen supply such as eddy-driven advection, [7] sluggish ventilation, [8] increases in ocean stratification, and increases in ocean temperature which reduces oxygen solubility.

  5. Ocean acidification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean_acidification

    This map shows changes in the aragonite saturation level of ocean surface waters between the 1880s and 2006–2015. Aragonite is a form of calcium carbonate that many marine animals use to build their skeletons and shells. The lower the saturation level, the more difficult it is for organisms to build and maintain their skeletons and shells.

  6. Human impact on marine life - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_impact_on_marine_life

    The lower the aragonite saturation level, the more difficult it is for the organisms to build and maintain their skeletons and shells. The map below shows changes in the aragonite saturation level of ocean surface waters between 1880 and 2012. [107] To pick one example, pteropods are a group of widely distributed swimming sea snails.

  7. File:Draining the Oceans video by NASA.webm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Draining_the_Oceans...

    They are mostly visible by a depth of 140 meters, except for the Arctic and Antarctic regions, where the shelves are deeper. The mid-ocean ridges start to appear at a depth of 2000 to 3000 meters. By 6000 meters, most of the ocean is drained except for the deep ocean trenches, the deepest of which is the Marianas Trench at a depth of 10,911 meters.

  8. File:Changes in aragonite saturation of the world's oceans ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Changes_in_aragonite...

    The global map shows changes over time in the amount of aragonite dissolved in ocean water, which is called aragonite saturation. This map was created by comparing average conditions during the 1880s with average conditions during the most recent 10 years (2003-2012).

  9. Aquanaut - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquanaut

    The term aquanaut derives from the Latin word aqua ("water") plus the Greek nautes ("sailor"), by analogy to the similar construction "astronaut".The word is used to describe a person who stays underwater, breathing at the ambient pressure for long enough for the concentration of the inert components of the breathing gas dissolved in the body tissues to reach equilibrium, in a state known as ...