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A numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is a digital signal generator which creates a synchronous (i.e., clocked), discrete-time, discrete-valued representation of a waveform, usually sinusoidal. [1] NCOs are often used in conjunction with a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) at the output to create a direct digital synthesizer (DDS). [3]
In statistics, the uncertainty coefficient, also called proficiency, entropy coefficient or Theil's U, is a measure of nominal association. It was first introduced by Henri Theil [ citation needed ] and is based on the concept of information entropy .
NCO is linked to the market for loanable funds and the international foreign exchange market. This relationship is often summarized by graphing the NCO curve with the quantity of country A's currency in the x-axis and the country's domestic real interest rate in the y-axis. The NCO curve gets a negative slope because an increased interest rate ...
The Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient masks important behaviors that if re-cast can aid in the interpretation of the different sources of model behavior in terms of bias, random, and other components. [11]
To convert a 24 frame/sec movie to 60 field/sec television, for example, alternate movie frames are shown 2 and 3 times, respectively. For 50 Hz systems such as PAL each frame is shown twice. Since 50 is not exactly 2×24, the movie will run 50/48 = 4% faster, and the audio pitch will be 4% higher, an effect known as PAL speed-up .
The simplest example given by Thimbleby of a possible problem when using an immediate-execution calculator is 4 × (−5). As a written formula the value of this is −20 because the minus sign is intended to indicate a negative number, rather than a subtraction, and this is the way that it would be interpreted by a formula calculator.
Frequency analysis [2] is the analysis of how often, or how frequently, an observed phenomenon occurs in a certain range. Frequency analysis applies to a record of length N of observed data X 1, X 2, X 3. . . X N on a variable phenomenon X. The record may be time-dependent (e.g. rainfall measured in one spot) or space-dependent (e.g. crop ...
Pull-in range guarantees that PLL will eventually synchronize, however this process may take a long time. Such long acquisition process is called cycle slipping. If difference between initial and final phase deviation is larger than 2 π {\displaystyle 2\pi } , we say that cycle slipping takes place.