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  2. Deviancy amplification spiral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deviancy_amplification_spiral

    The resulting publicity has the potential to increase the deviant behavior by glamorizing it, or by making it seem common or acceptable. In the next stage, public concern typically forces the police and the law enforcement system to focus more resources on dealing with the specific deviancy than it warrants.

  3. Juvenile sex offenders in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juvenile_sex_offenders_in...

    The act involves coercion, manipulation, a power imbalance between the perpetrator and victim, and threats of violence. The sexual offenses that fall under juvenile sex crimes range from non-contact to penetration. The severity of the sexual assault in the crime committed is often the amount of trauma and/or injuries the victim has suffered.

  4. Otto Pollak - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_Pollak

    Otto Pollak (30 April 1908 – 18 April 1998) was a writer and a professor of Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania.. His most controversial and famous book was The Criminality of Women (1950), in which he suggested that women commit just as much crime as men, but that their crime is more easily hidden.

  5. Social control theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_control_theory

    Another early form of the theory was proposed by Reiss (1951) [3] who defined delinquency as, "...behavior consequent to the failure of personal and social controls." ." Personal control was defined as, "...the ability of the individual to refrain from meeting needs in ways which conflict with the norms and rules of the community" while social control was, "...the ability of social groups or ...

  6. Feminist school of criminology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist_school_of_criminology

    Heidensohn's article "The Deviance of Women: A Critique and An Enquiry" (1968) is credited as the first critique of mainstream criminology's failure to include women in their studies, stating that "the deviance of women is one of the areas of human behavior most notably ignored in sociological literature" and called for more research to be done ...

  7. Deviance (sociology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deviance_(sociology)

    Secondary deviance is deviance before and after the primary deviance. Retrospective labeling happens when the deviant recognizes his acts as deviant after the primary deviance, while prospective labeling is when the deviant recognizes future acts as deviant. The steps to becoming a criminal are: [citation needed] Primary deviation; Social ...

  8. Subcultural theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subcultural_theory

    In criminology, subcultural theory emerged from the work of the Chicago School on gangs and developed through the symbolic interactionism school into a set of theories arguing that certain groups or subcultures in society have values and attitudes that are conducive to crime and violence.

  9. Causes of sexual violence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causes_of_sexual_violence

    Within the paradigm, acts of sexism are commonly employed to validate and rationalize normative misogynistic practices; for instance, sexist jokes may be told to foster disrespect for women and an accompanying disregard for their well-being, which ultimately make their rape and abuse seem "acceptable".