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Egypt: Northeast Africa [b] Abdel Fattah el-Sisi: President of Egypt: 8 June 2014 Mostafa Madbouly: Prime Minister of Egypt: 14 June 2018 Iraq: Fertile Crescent: Abdul Latif Rashid: President of Iraq: 13 October 2022 Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani: Prime Minister of Iraq: 27 October 2022 Jordan: Abdullah II of Jordan: King of Jordan: 7 February 1999 ...
The endurance of authoritarian regimes in the Middle East is notable in comparison to the rest of the world. While such regimes have fallen throughout sub-Saharan Africa, for example, they have persisted in the Middle East. Yet Middle Eastern history also includes significant episodes of conflict between rulers and proponents of democracy. [34]
Middle East in 1958: United Arab Republic (red), United Arab States (red and light-red), Arab Federation (green), British Kuwait (grass green), other British protectorates in South and East Arabia (light green) The union was interpreted by the other nations of the world as a major threat to Jordan.
Despite this, many in the Arab world have since called for the creation of a pan-Arab state. Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser made several unsuccessful attempts to unite Egypt with other Arab countries (including Iraq and North Yemen ), and briefly succeeded in forming the United Arab Republic with Syria in 1958, which dissolved in 1971.
Meanwhile, pan-Arabist leaders throughout the Middle East encouraged Iraqi leaders to free Syria and Palestine from British control. al-Gaylani, initially reluctant to do so, eventually succumbed to pan-Arabism and began negotiations with the Axis in 1940. In response, Britain sent a limited occupation force to Iraq, which al-Gaylani allowed.
Map of the Middle East between North Africa, Southern Europe, Central Asia, and Southern Asia Middle East map of Köppen climate classification. The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) [note 1] is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.
The conflict became a proxy war between Egypt and Saudi Arabia following the establishment of the Nasserist Yemen Arab Republic in 1962. The term "Arab Cold War" was first used by Malcolm H. Kerr, an American political scientist and Middle East scholar, in his 1965 book of the same name and subsequent editions. [9]
This is a list of coups d'état and coup attempts by country, listed in chronological order. A coup is an attempt to illegally overthrow a country's government. Scholars generally consider a coup successful when the usurpers are able to maintain control of the government for at least seven days.