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Rail transport in Spain operates on four rail gauges and services are operated by a variety of private and public operators. Total railway length in 2020 was 15,489 km (9,953 km electrified). [ 2 ] The Spanish high-speed rail network is the longest HSR network in Europe with 3,966 km (2,464 mi) and the second longest in the world, after China 's.
Map showing high-speed railway lines in operation as of January 2025. High-speed railways in Spain have been in operation since 1992 when the first line was opened connecting the cities of Madrid, Córdoba and Seville. Unlike the rest of the Iberian broad gauge network, the Spanish High-speed network mainly uses standard gauge.
Transport in Spain is characterised by a network of roads, railways (including having high speed rail network that is the second longest in the world), trams, air routes, and ports. Its geographic location makes it an important link between Europe, Africa, and the Americas .
The map was published as an addendum to the publication "Anuario de ferrocarriles españoles", edited in Madrid and published between 1893 and 1927. Most of the numbers are available online through the Spanish National Library archives, which can be consulted here
Spain has 11,791 km of track with this gauge. [2] Since 1992, all high-speed rail lines in Spain have been built to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) standard gauge, providing direct connections without break-of-gauge with the French railway system. The high speed line that was projected to run from Madrid to Lisbon was also to have been built at ...
The commuter rail systems of Spain's major metropolitan areas are called Cercanías (Spanish: [θeɾkaˈni.as]) in most of Spain, Rodalia (Valencian: [roðaˈli.a]) in the Valencian Community, Aldiriak (Basque:) in the Basque Country and Rodalies (Catalan: [ruðəˈli.əs]) in Catalonia.
Narrow gauge railways in Spain (5 C, 3 P) P. Proposed railway lines in Spain (7 P) R. Rapid transit lines in Spain (2 C, 5 P) S. Standard gauge railways in Spain (19 P)
Railway towns in Spain (4 P) Rolling stock of Spain (9 C) T. Rail trails in Spain (5 P)