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  2. Hypha - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypha

    The major structural polymer in fungal cell walls is typically chitin, in contrast to plants and oomycetes that have cellulosic cell walls. Some fungi have aseptate hyphae, meaning their hyphae are not partitioned by septa. Hyphae have an average diameter of 4–6 μm. [2]

  3. Mycelium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycelium

    Mycelium is a primary factor in some plants' health, nutrient intake and growth, with mycelium being a major factor to plant fitness. Networks of mycelia can transport water [4] and spikes of electrical potential. [5] Sclerotia are compact or hard masses of mycelium.

  4. Mycelial cord - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycelial_cord

    Mycelial cords are linear aggregations of parallel-oriented hyphae. The mature cords are composed of wide, empty vessel hyphae surrounded by narrower sheathing hyphae. Cords may look similar to plant roots, and also frequently have similar functions; hence they are also called rhizomorphs (literally, "root-forms"). As well as growing ...

  5. Mycorrhizal network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycorrhizal_network

    While movement of resources between plants connected to the same mycorrhizal network has been shown, it is often unclear whether the transfer is direct, as though the mycelium is forming a literal “pipeline,” or indirect, such as nutrients being released into the soil by fungi and then picked up by neighboring plants. [42]

  6. Mycorrhiza - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycorrhiza

    In return, the plant gains the benefits of the mycelium's higher absorptive capacity for water and mineral nutrients, partly because of the large surface area of fungal hyphae, which are much longer and finer than plant root hairs, and partly because some such fungi can mobilize soil minerals unavailable to the plants' roots. The effect is thus ...

  7. Glossary of mycology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mycology

    Hyphae that lack septa and are multi-nucleate; seen in Zygomycota and Oomycota. From Gr. kytos, cell. Distinct from a synctium, a multinucleate structure resulting from fusion of protoplasts. [69] colony A massed group of hyphae and spores of a single species, especially if all are grown from a single spore (e.g. in a lab). [70] columella. pl ...

  8. Basidiomycota - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basidiomycota

    The hyphae are then said to be dikaryotic. Conversely, the haploid mycelia are called monokaryons. Often, the dikaryotic mycelium is more vigorous than the individual monokaryotic mycelia, and proceeds to take over the substrate in which they are growing. The dikaryons can be long-lived, lasting years, decades, or centuries.

  9. Clamp connection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clamp_connection

    A fungal mycelium containing abundant clamp connections was found that dated to the Pennsylvanian era (298.9–323.2 Mya). This fossil, classified in the form genus Palaeancistrus, has hyphae that compare with extant saprophytic basidiomycetes. [5]

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