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Transketolase (abbreviated as TK) is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the TKT gene. [1] It participates in both the pentose phosphate pathway in all organisms and the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. Transketolase catalyzes two important reactions, which operate in opposite directions in these two pathways.
The model equations follow the principles of mass transport, fluid dynamics, and biochemistry in order to simulate the fate of a substance in the body. [9] Compartments are usually defined by grouping organs or tissues with similar blood perfusion rate and lipid content (i.e. organs for which chemicals' concentration vs. time profiles will be similar).
In enzymology, a formaldehyde transketolase (EC 2.2.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction D-xylulose 5-phosphate + formaldehyde ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + glycerone
In what is essentially the reverse of step two, the electrons push back in the opposite direction forming a new bond between the substrate carbon and another atom. (In the case of the decarboxylases, this creates a new carbon-hydrogen bond. In the case of transketolase, this attacks a new substrate molecule to form a new carbon-carbon bond.)
transketolase and transaldolase: aldehyde or ketone groups EC 2.3: acyltransferase: acyl groups or groups that become alkyl groups during transfer EC 2.4: glycosyltransferase, hexosyltransferase, and pentosyltransferase: glycosyl groups, as well as hexoses and pentoses: EC 2.5: riboflavin synthase and chlorophyll synthase: alkyl or aryl groups ...
Ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) is both a product and an intermediate of the pentose phosphate pathway.The last step of the oxidative reactions in the pentose phosphate pathway is the production of ribulose 5-phosphate.
In the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway, xylulose-5-phosphate acts as a donor of two-carbon ketone groups in transketolase reactions. [ 2 ] Xylulose-5-phosphate also plays a crucial role in the regulation of glycolysis through its interaction with the bifunctional enzyme PFK2/FBPase2.
Metabolic network model for Escherichia coli. Metabolic network modelling, also known as metabolic network reconstruction or metabolic pathway analysis, allows for an in-depth insight into the molecular mechanisms of a particular organism. In particular, these models correlate the genome with molecular physiology. [1]