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Zwangendaba Gwaza kaZiguda Jele Gumbi, commonly known as Zwangendaba (1785–1848) was the first king of the Ngoni and Tumbuka people of Malawi, Zambia and Tanzania of the Jere Ngoni Clan from 1815 to 1857. [1] [2] He passed away in July 1848 and his son, Gwaza Jele, inherited his position soon after his death.
The Ngoni Kingdom, sometimes referred to as the Ngoni Empire or the Kingdom of Ngoni, is a monarchy [2] [3] in Southern Africa [4] that started in 1815 when some of the Nguni of South Africa broke away from the Zulu Kingdom [1] and escaped to Malawi.
Following Zwangendaba's death in 1848, succession disputes split the Ngoni people. Zwangendaba's following and the Maseko Ngoni eventually created seven substantial Ngoni kingdoms in Tanzania, Zambia and Malawi. While the Ngoni were primarily agriculturalists, cattle were their main goal for raiding expeditions and migrations northward.
Inkosi Ya Makhosi M'mbelwa I (1841–1891) was the king of the Ngoni and Tumbuka people of Malawi, Zambia and Tanzania of the Jere Ngoni Clan from 1857 to 1891. [1] [2] He was the first born son of King Zwangendaba Jele. His mother was Queen Munene of present-day Eswatini. He passed away in May 1983.
The title of 'Paramount Chief' was introduced on the Ngoni Nation after 1898 following the defeat of the Ngonis in their war with the British. King Njengambaso KaPontino has been the monarch of the Mphezeni. He is a great great grandson of the first Mphezeni since 1981. His mother was Ndlunkulu Tilekane from the Nzima clan.
In the late 15th century, the Zwangendaba Ngonis that fled from South Africa settled in northern Malawi. However, once the Zwangendaba head of the family died, his sons resettled to what is now the Mzimba District and seven of his descendants still rule. [4] The current king of the district is King Mmbelwa V. [5] [6]
Zwangendaba a Hlatshwayo, Inkosi ya makosi 1848 to 1850: Ntabeni, Regent 1850 to 1854: Mgayi, Regent 1854 to 1857: Gwaza Jere, Regent 1857 to 1891: Mmbelwa I, Inkosi ya makosi 1891 to 1896: Mwamba, Regent 1896 to 1915: Cimtunga, Inkosi ya makosi 1915 to 1928: Interregnum: 1928 to 1959: Mmbelwa II, Inkosi ya makosi 1958 to 1984: Mmbelwa III ...
The Ngoni of Mbelwa (also known as M'mbelwa) were a branch of Zwangendaba's Ngoni, which began its migration from South Africa between 1819 and 1822, eventually reaching southern Tanzania and remained there until Zwangendaba's death in the mid-1840s.