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In Classical Economics profit is the return to the proprietor(s) of capital stocks (machinery, tools, structures). If I lease a backhoe from a tool rental company the amount I pay to the backhoe owner it is seen by me as "rent". But that same flow as seen by the supplier of the backhoe is "interest" (i.e. the return to loaned stock/money).
An optimal basket of goods occurs where the consumer's convex preference set is supported by the budget constraint, as shown in the diagram. If the preference set is convex, then the consumer's set of optimal decisions is a convex set, for example, a unique optimal basket (or even a line segment of optimal baskets).
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
An example would be a factory increasing its saleable product, but also increasing its CO 2 production, for the same input increase. [2] The law of diminishing returns is a fundamental principle of both micro and macro economics and it plays a central role in production theory. [5]
Basic diagram of the circular flow of income. The functioning of the free-market economic system is represented with firms and households and interaction back and forth. [2] The circular flow of income or circular flow is a model of the economy in which the major exchanges are represented as flows of money, goods and services, etc. between ...
In economics, a cost curve is a graph of the costs of production as a function of total quantity produced. In a free market economy, productively efficient firms optimize their production process by minimizing cost consistent with each possible level of production, and the result is a cost curve.
With the European Commission according to its data bank "AMECO" (Annual Macro-Economic Data) the marginal efficiency of capital is defined as "Change in GDP at constant market prices of year T per unit of gross fixed capital formation at constant prices of year T-.5 [that is, lagged by half a year].
In business and for engineering economics in both industrial engineering and civil engineering practice, the minimum acceptable rate of return, often abbreviated MARR, or hurdle rate is the minimum rate of return on a project a manager or company is willing to accept before starting a project, given its risk and the opportunity cost of forgoing other projects. [1]