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Ivy is popular as an ornamental plant, but escaped plants have become naturalised outside its native range. Ivy has considerable cultural significance and symbolism. Synonyms include Hedera acuta, Hedera arborea ('tree ivy'), [2] Hedera baccifera, and Hedera grandifolia. [3] Other common names are bindwood and lovestone.
Hedera helix adult leaves and unripe berries in Ayrshire, Scotland. On level ground ivies remain creeping, not exceeding 5–20 cm height, but on surfaces suitable for climbing, including trees, natural rock outcrops or man-made structures such as quarry rock faces or built masonry and wooden structures, they can climb to at least 30 m above the ground.
An early use of vegetable ivory, attested from the 1880s, was the manufacture of buttons.The material is called corozo or corosso when used in buttons.Rochester, New York was a center of manufacturing where the buttons were "subjected to a treatment which is secret among the Rochester manufacturers", presumably improving their "beauty and wearing qualities". [5]
Economic botany is the study of the relationship between people (individuals and cultures) and plants.Economic botany intersects many fields including established disciplines such as agronomy, anthropology, archaeology, chemistry, economics, ethnobotany, ethnology, forestry, genetic resources, geography, geology, horticulture, medicine, microbiology, nutrition, pharmacognosy, and pharmacology. [1]
Poison ivy is a type of allergenic plant in the genus Toxicodendron native to Asia and North America. Formerly considered a single species, Toxicodendron radicans, poison ivies are now generally treated as a complex of three separate species: T. radicans, T. rydbergii, and T. orientale.
Thigmomorphogenesis enables plants to adapt their growth and development in response to mechanical stress by modulating structural and physiological traits. Key adaptations include reduced shoot elongation, increased stem thickness, enhanced root anchorage, and changes in flowering time.
In December 2018, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a Resolution declaring 2020 as the International Year of Plant Health (IYPH). [1] The purpose of the IYPH was to raise global awareness on how protecting plant health can help end hunger, reduce poverty, protect the environment, and boost economic development.
Ivory has been valued since ancient times in art or manufacturing for making a range of items from ivory carvings to false teeth, piano keys, fans, and dominoes. [9] Elephant ivory is the most important source, but ivory from mammoth, walrus, hippopotamus, sperm whale, orca, narwhal and warthog are used as well.