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  2. Einthoven's triangle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einthoven's_triangle

    If the arm electrodes are reversed, lead I changes polarity, causing lead II and lead III to switch. If the right arm electrode is reversed with the leg's electrode, lead II changes polarity, causing lead I to become lead III, and vice versa. Reversal of the left arm and leg causes a change in polarity of lead III and switching of leads I and ...

  3. Electrocardiography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography

    In a 12-lead ECG, all leads except the limb leads are assumed to be unipolar (aVR, aVL, aVF, V 1, V 2, V 3, V 4, V 5, and V 6). The measurement of a voltage requires two contacts and so, electrically, the unipolar leads are measured from the common lead (negative) and the unipolar lead (positive).

  4. Right axis deviation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_axis_deviation

    On the other hand, as shown in Figure 2, if lead I is negative (translating to 180°) and lead II is positive, the electrical heart axis is estimated to fall in the right lower quadrant suggesting a right axis deviation. Similarly, leads I and aVF can be used. Degree method: First, identify the lead with the smallest QRS complex or isoelectric ...

  5. Hexaxial reference system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexaxial_reference_system

    The hexaxial reference system is a diagram that is used to determine the heart's electrical axis in the frontal plane. The hexaxial reference system, better known as the Cabrera system, is a convention to present the extremity leads of the 12 lead electrocardiogram, [1] that provides an illustrative logical sequence that helps interpretation of the ECG, especially to determine the heart's ...

  6. Electrocardiography in myocardial infarction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrocardiography_in...

    The use of additional ECG leads like right-sided leads V3R and V4R and posterior leads V7, V8, and V9 may improve sensitivity for right ventricular and posterior myocardial infarction. In spite of these limitations, the 12 lead ECG stands at the center of risk stratification for the patient with suspected acute myocardial infarction.

  7. QRS complex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QRS_complex

    Schematic representation of a normal sinus rhythm ECG wave. Diagram showing how the polarity of the QRS complex in leads I, II, and III can be used to estimate the heart's electrical axis in the frontal plane. The QRS complex is the combination of three of the graphical deflections seen on a typical electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). It is usually ...

  8. Cold hands are common in winter. When are they a sign of a ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/cold-hands-common-winter...

    The hands typically get cold when the body or the hand specifically is exposed to cold.” Most of the time cold hands aren’t a cause for concern — they’re simply the result of less blood ...

  9. Axillary lines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axillary_lines

    The V 5 ECG lead is placed on the anterior axillary line, horizontally even with V 4. The midaxillary line is a coronal line on the torso between the anterior and posterior axillary lines. It is a landmark used in thoracentesis , [ 2 ] and the V6 electrode of the 10 electrode ECG.