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The vaporized getter, usually a volatile metal, instantly reacts with any residual gas, and then condenses on the cool walls of the tube in a thin coating, the getter spot or getter mirror, which continues to absorb gas. This is the most common type, used in low-power vacuum tubes. Non-evaporable getter (NEG) [8]
Background-oriented schlieren technique (BOS [7]) relies on measuring or visualizing shifts in focused images. In these techniques, the background and the schlieren object (the distortion to be visualized) are both in focus and the distortion is detected because it moves part of the background image relative to its original position.
The best known explanation of the oxygen effect is the oxygen fixation hypothesis developed by Alexander in 1962, [9] which posited that radiation-induced non-restorable or "fixed" nuclear DNA lesions are lethal to cells in the presence of diatomic oxygen. [10] [11] Recent hypotheses include one based on oxygen-enhanced damage from first ...
A micrograph contains extensive details of microstructure. A wealth of information can be obtained from a simple micrograph like behavior of the material under different conditions, the phases found in the system, failure analysis, grain size estimation, elemental analysis and so on. Micrographs are widely used in all fields of microscopy.
The bright field images did not clearly show the strain field, while the WBDF was able to clearly show a pattern indicative of strain. In another example, Rakhmonov et al. used WBDF to study how dislocations interact with precipitates in an Al-Cu-Mn-Zr alloy crept at 300 °C, and they observed Orowan loops around precipitates. [16]
Dark-field microscopy produces an image with a dark background Operating principles of dark-field and phase-contrast microscopies Dark-field microscopy is a very simple yet effective technique and well suited for uses involving live and unstained biological samples, such as a smear from a tissue culture or individual, water-borne, single-celled ...
Field Metallurgical Replication (FMR), in field metallography, is the use of metallurgical preparation on surfaces in the field, by polishing to a mirror image, along with application of acetate or other thin plastic films designed to nondestructively duplicate the microstructure of a part or structure in-situ. The FMR replica is then ...
The laboratory is divided in seven research teams, which have their own field of research : TMP : Texture, microstructure and process; MeNu : computational mechanics; APLI : Auto-organization, plasticity and intern lengths; 3TAM : transformation, textures, topology and metal anisotropy; SMART : Multi-phased systems, rheology, fatigue and ...