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  2. BLAKE (hash function) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BLAKE_(hash_function)

    BLAKE was submitted to the NIST hash function competition by Jean-Philippe Aumasson, Luca Henzen, Willi Meier, and Raphael C.-W. Phan. In 2008, there were 51 entries. BLAKE made it to the final round consisting of five candidates but lost to Keccak in 2012, which was selected for the SHA-3 algorithm.

  3. Deniable encryption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deniable_encryption

    One example of deniable encryption is a cryptographic filesystem that employs a concept of abstract "layers", where each layer can be decrypted with a different encryption key. [ citation needed ] Additionally, special " chaff layers" are filled with random data in order to have plausible deniability of the existence of real layers and their ...

  4. Cryptanalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptanalysis

    Reconstruction of the appearance of cyclometer, a device used to break the encryption of the Enigma machine.Based on sketches in Marian Rejewski's memoirs.. Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, "hidden", and analýein, "to analyze") refers to the process of analyzing information systems in order to understand hidden aspects of the systems. [1]

  5. Public-key cryptography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography

    In an asymmetric key encryption scheme, anyone can encrypt messages using a public key, but only the holder of the paired private key can decrypt such a message. The security of the system depends on the secrecy of the private key, which must not become known to any other.

  6. Cryptographic primitive - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_primitive

    Public-key cryptography—compute a ciphertext decodable with a different key used to encode (e.g., RSA) Digital signatures—confirm the author of a message; Mix network—pool communications from many users to anonymize what came from whom; Private information retrieval—get database information without server knowing which item was requested

  7. Crypto-shredding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypto-shredding

    Crypto-shredding or crypto erase (cryptographic erasure) is the practice of rendering encrypted data unusable by deliberately deleting or overwriting the encryption keys: assuming the key is not later recovered and the encryption is not broken, the data should become irrecoverable, effectively permanently deleted or "shredded". [1]

  8. Solitaire (cipher) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solitaire_(cipher)

    5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 b 9 12 15 18 21 24 2 a 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 3 6 Perform a "count cut": observe the value of the card at the bottom of the deck. If the card is either joker take its value to be 27 (53 when using a full deck).

  9. Malleability (cryptography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleability_(cryptography)

    That is, given an encryption of a plaintext , it is possible to generate another ciphertext which decrypts to (), for a known function , without necessarily knowing or learning . Malleability is often an undesirable property in a general-purpose cryptosystem, since it allows an attacker to modify the contents of a message.