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The concept of data type is similar to the concept of level of measurement, but more specific. For example, count data requires a different distribution (e.g. a Poisson distribution or binomial distribution) than non-negative real-valued data require, but both fall under the same level of measurement (a ratio scale).
Data are commonly used in scientific research, economics, and virtually every other form of human organizational activity. Examples of data sets include price indices (such as the consumer price index), unemployment rates, literacy rates, and census data. In this context, data represent the raw facts and figures from which useful information ...
But the mapping of computer science data types to statistical data types depends on which categorization of the latter is being implemented. Other categorizations have been proposed. For example, Mosteller and Tukey (1977) [ 22 ] distinguished grades, ranks, counted fractions, counts, amounts, and balances.
The digital geographic data revolution is creating new types of data formats beyond the traditional "vector" and "raster" formats. Geographic data repositories increasingly include ill-structured data, such as imagery and geo-referenced multi-media. [33] There are several critical research challenges in geographic knowledge discovery and data ...
The Pearson Type IV distribution (see Pearson distributions) The Quantile-parameterized distributions, which are highly shape-flexible and can be parameterized with data using linear least squares. The skew normal distribution; Student's t-distribution, useful for estimating unknown means of Gaussian populations. The noncentral t-distribution
Examples include e and π. Trigonometric number: Any number that is the sine or cosine of a rational multiple of π. Quadratic surd: A root of a quadratic equation with rational coefficients. Such a number is algebraic and can be expressed as the sum of a rational number and the square root of a rational number.
BIN – binary data, often memory dumps of executable code or data to be re-used by the same software that originated it; DAT – data file, usually binary data proprietary to the program that created it, or an MPEG-1 stream of Video CD; DSK – file representations of various disk storage images; RAW – raw (unprocessed) data
Most programming languages also allow the programmer to define additional data types, usually by combining multiple elements of other types and defining the valid operations of the new data type. For example, a programmer might create a new data type named "complex number" that would include real and imaginary parts, or a color data type ...