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The origin of the name "Damascus Steel" is contentious. Islamic scholars al-Kindi (full name Abu Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, circa 800 CE – 873 CE) and al-Biruni (full name Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni, circa 973 CE – 1048 CE) both wrote about swords and steel made for swords, based on their surface appearance, geographical location of production or forging, or the name of the ...
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Damascus steel: Damascus blades were first manufactured in the Near East from ingots of Wootz steel that were imported from India. [ 14 ] Modern Oud : Although string instruments existed before Islam, the oud was developed in Islamic music and was the ancestor of the European lute .
The Umayyad Mosque, located in the old city of Damascus, is one of the largest and oldest mosques in the world. It is considered by some Muslims to be the fourth-holiest place in Islam. Русский: Мечеть Омейядов, Большая мечеть Дамаска, Сирия, одна из крупнейших и старейших ...
The dome of Damascus' treasury in the Umayyad Mosque. While the Arabs administered the city of Damascus, the population of Damascus remained mostly Christian—Eastern Orthodox and Monophysite—with a growing community of Arab Muslims from Makkah, Medina, and the Syrian Desert. [43] The city was chosen as the capital of Islamic Syria.
Legends of wootz steel and Damascus swords aroused the curiosity of the European scientific community from the 17th to the 19th century. The use of high- carbon alloys was little known in Europe [ 20 ] previously and thus the research into wootz steel played an important role in the development of modern English, French and Russian metallurgy .
The oldest full muqarnas dome to have survived to modern times was the Imam Dur Mausoleum at Samarra, completed in 1090. [ 7 ] [ 16 ] (This shrine was reported destroyed by ISIS in October 2014. [ 17 ] )