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IPsec is most commonly used to secure IPv4 traffic. [citation needed] IPsec protocols were originally defined in RFC 1825 through RFC 1829, which were published in 1995. In 1998, these documents were superseded by RFC 2401 and RFC 2412 with a few incompatible engineering details, although they were conceptually identical.
The IPsec stack, in turn, intercepts the relevant IP packets if and where appropriate and performs encryption/decryption as required. Implementations vary on how the interception of the packets is done—for example, some use virtual devices, others take a slice out of the firewall, etc. IKEv1 consists of two phases: phase 1 and phase 2. [10]
For example: IKE describes a protocol using part of Oakley and part of SKEME in conjunction with ISAKMP to obtain authenticated keying material for use with ISAKMP, and for other security associations such as AH and ESP for the IETF IPsec DOI. [1]
Because of the lack of confidentiality inherent in the L2TP, it is often implemented along with IPsec. This is referred to as L2TP/IPsec, and is standardized in IETF RFC 3193. The process of setting up an L2TP/IPsec VPN is as follows: Negotiation of IPsec security association (SA), typically through Internet key exchange (IKE).
IPsec NAT-T patches are also available for Windows 2000, Windows NT and Windows 98. [citation needed] NAT traversal and IPsec may be used to enable opportunistic encryption of traffic between systems. NAT traversal allows systems behind NATs to request and establish secure connections on demand.
IPsec—Internet Protocol security; IPTV—Internet Protocol Television; IPv4—Internet Protocol version 4; IPv6—Internet Protocol version 6; IPX—Internetwork Packet Exchange; IR—Intermediate Representation; IRC—Internet Relay Chat; IrDA—Infrared Data Association; IRI—Internationalized Resource Identifier; IRP—I/O Request Packet ...
Diagram of the first internetworked connection An SRI International Packet Radio Van, used for the first three-way internetworked transmission Initially referred to as the DOD Internet Architecture Model , the Internet protocol suite has its roots in research and development sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ( DARPA ...
In computer networks, a tunneling protocol is a communication protocol which allows for the movement of data from one network to another. They can, for example, allow private network communications to be sent across a public network (such as the Internet), or for one network protocol to be carried over an incompatible network, through a process called encapsulation.