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The residue can be ploughed directly into the ground, or burned first. In contrast, no-till, strip-till or reduced-till agriculture practices are carried out to maximize crop residue cover. Simple line-transect measurements can be used to estimate residue coverage. [1] Process residues are materials left after the crop is processed into a ...
Agricultural waste are all parts of crops that are not used for human or animal food. Crop residues consist mainly of stems , branches (in pruning ), and leaves. [ 1 ] It is estimated that, on average, 80% of the plant of such crops consists of agricultural waste.
Also called the residue yield or straw/grain ratio, the equation takes the mass of residue divided by the mass of crop produced, and the result is dimensionless. [1] The RPR can be used to project costs and benefits of bio-energy projects, and is crucial in determining financial sustainability. The RPR is particularly important for estimating ...
Different types of tillage result in varying amounts of crop residue being incorporated into the soil profile. Conventional or intensive tillage typically leaves less than 15% of crop residues on a field, reduced tillage leaves 15–30%, and conservation tillage systems leave at least 30% on the soil surface. [10]
Planting cover crops that keep the soil anchored and covered in off-seasons so that the soil is not eroded by wind and rain. Crop rotations [18] for row crops alternate high-residue crops with lower-residue crops to increase the amount of plant material left on the surface of the soil during the year to protect the soil from erosion.
Intensive tillage [note 1] leaves less than 15% crop residue cover or less than 500 pounds per acre (560 kg/ha) of small grain residue. This type of tillage is often referred to as conventional tillage , but as conservational tillage is now more widely used than intensive tillage (in the United States), [ 6 ] [ 7 ] it is often not appropriate ...
Pelvic floor dysfunction, rectal nerve issues, and weakened anal sphincter muscles can also impact continence, or our control over bowel movements, and how much stool or residue is left behind ...
Pesticide residue refers to the pesticides that may remain on or in food, after they are applied to food crops. [1] The maximum allowable levels of these residues in foods are stipulated by regulatory bodies in many countries. Regulations such as pre-harvest intervals also prevent harvest of crop or livestock products if recently treated in ...