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Phenylacetaldehyde is an aldehyde that consists of acetaldehyde bearing a phenyl substituent; the parent member of the phenylacetaldehyde class of compounds. It has a role as a human metabolite, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite.
[2] [3] [1] It begins with acetyl-CoA and involves the stepwise condensation of two-carbon units, typically derived from malonyl-CoA , to form increasingly longer carbon chains. In fatty acid synthesis, these chains are fully reduced after each elongation step, while in polyketide synthesis, the reduction steps may be partially or completely ...
Phenylglyoxal was first prepared by thermal decomposition of the sulfite derivative of the oxime: [5]. C 6 H 5 C(O)CH(NOSO 2 H) + 2 H 2 O → C 6 H 5 C(O)CHO + NH 4 HSO 4. More conveniently, it can be prepared from methyl benzoate by reaction with KCH 2 S(O)CH 3 to give PhC(O)CH(SCH 3)(OH), which is oxidized with copper(II) acetate. [6]
Because food science is a multi-disciplinary field, food physical chemistry is being developed through interactions with other areas of food chemistry and food science, such as food analytical chemistry, food process engineering/food processing, food and bioprocess technology, food extrusion, food quality control, food packaging, food ...
[3] [4] In both species, it is subsequently metabolized into 4-hydroxyphenylacetate by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzymes in humans and the phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (feaB) enzyme in E. coli. [3] [4] [5] The condensation of 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and dopamine is a key step in the biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.
Phenyl acetate is the ester of phenol and acetic acid.It can be produced by reacting phenol with acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride.. Phenyl acetate can be separated into phenol and an acetate salt, via saponification: heating the phenyl acetate with a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide, will produce phenol and an acetate salt (sodium acetate, if sodium hydroxide were used).
Another key step in the Wacker process is the migration of the hydrogen from oxygen to chloride and formation of the C-O double bond. This step is generally thought to proceed through a so-called β-hydride elimination with a cyclic four-membered transition state: Wacker hydride elimination
Pyruvate decarboxylase starts this process by converting pyruvate into acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide. [3] Pyruvate decarboxylase depends on cofactors thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) and magnesium. This enzyme should not be mistaken for the unrelated enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase , an oxidoreductase ( EC 1.2.4.1 ), that catalyzes the oxidative ...