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Yet, CT scan is the best alternative for diagnosing intra-abdominal injury. [1] Computed tomography provides an overall better surgical strategy planning, and possibly fewer unnecessary laparotomies. Abdominal x-ray is therefore not recommended for adults with acute abdominal pain presenting in the emergency department. [2]
Abdominal pain (sudden onset of localized pain), abdominal distension, rigid abdomen Clinical (history and physical exam) Imaging (abdominal X-ray or CT showing free air) Labs (complete blood count) Aggressive IV fluid resuscitation General surgery consultation Antibiotics Volvulus [24]
Chilaiditi syndrome is a rare condition when pain occurs due to transposition of a loop of large intestine (usually transverse colon) in between the diaphragm and the liver, visible on plain abdominal X-ray or chest X-ray. [1] Normally this causes no symptoms, and this is called Chilaiditi's sign. The sign can be permanently present, or ...
Pneumoperitoneum is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the peritoneal cavity, a potential space within the abdominal cavity.The most common cause is a perforated abdominal organ, generally from a perforated peptic ulcer, although any part of the bowel may perforate from a benign ulcer, tumor or abdominal trauma.
While x-ray is a fast and inexpensive to screen for perforation, an abdominal CT scan with contrast is more sensitive and specific for establishing a diagnosis as well as determining the underlying cause. [19] Both CT and x-ray may initially appear normal, in which case diagnosis can be made by open or laparoscopic exploration of the abdomen.
Abdominal X-rays may reveal dilated, edematous intestines, although such X-rays are mainly useful to look for pneumoperitoneum, an indicator of gastrointestinal perforation. The role of whole-abdomen ultrasound examination is under study and is likely to expand in the future.
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
Idiopathic gastroparesis patients may experience more abdominal pain than diabetic gastroparesis patients. [13] Physicians believe that postprandial epigastric pain is the most common symptom of gastroparesis. [14] Abdominal pain has a wide range of symptoms. Around 40% of patients have localized epigastric pain, but it can be diffuse in some ...