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The polite second-person pronouns have possessives identical to the genitives of the corresponding nouns, although there is a possessive adjective pański corresponding to pan. The demonstrative pronoun , also used as a demonstrative adjective, is ten (feminine ta , neuter to , masculine personal plural ci , other plural te ).
To make third-person imperative sentences (including with the polite second-person pronouns pan etc.) the particle niech is used. Other forms of the verb are: present adverbial participle (imperfective verbs only), formed from the 3P present tense by adding -c (e.g. śpiewać: śpiewając ; być has będąc )
first-person pronouns normally refer to the speaker, in the case of the singular (as the English I), or to the speaker and others, in the case of the plural (as the English we). second-person pronouns normally refer to the person or persons being addressed (as the English you); in the plural they may also refer to the person or persons being ...
Second-person plural, dialectal American English and Canadian English: you(r) lot Second-person plural, dialectal British English: yous(e) Second-person plural, Australian English, many urban American dialects like New York City English and Chicago English, as well as Ottawa Valley English. Sporadic usage in some British English dialects, such ...
English pronouns have often traditionally been classified as different from nouns, but at least one modern grammar defines them as a subclass of nouns. [10]: 33–42 English personal pronouns have a number of different syntactic contexts (Subject, Object, Possessive, Reflexive) and many features: person (1st, 2nd, 3rd); number (singular, plural);
The inclusive form is derived from the second-person pronoun and the first-person pronoun. There are also dual and trial forms. English creole: Tupi: îandé oré Inclusive Tupi-Guarani: Tulu: nama yenkul Dravidian: Udmurt [12] as'meos (асьмеос); [12] ваньмы ("we all together") [13] mi (ми) exclusive
Old Dutch did not appear to have a T–V distinction. Thu was used as the second-person singular, and gi as the second-person plural. In early Middle Dutch, influenced by Old French usage, the original plural pronoun gi (or ji in the north) came to be used as a respectful singular pronoun, creating a T–V distinction.
Second-person pronouns are traditionally capitalized in formal writing (e.g. letters or official emails); so may be other words used to refer to someone directly in a formal setting, like Czytelnik ("reader", in newspapers or books). Third-person pronouns are capitalized to show reverence, most often in a sacred context.