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Inundations, Norfolk and Suffolk Act 1609 or the Sea Breach Act 1609 (repealed) 7 Jas. 1. c. 20. 23 July 1610.
Between the end of the 15th century up until the 17th century various powers claimed sovereignty over parts of the sea. In 1609, Dutch jurist and philosopher Hugo Grotius wrote what is considered the foundation of international legal doctrine regarding the seas and oceans – Mare Liberum, a Latin title that translates to "freedom of the seas". [2]
Mare Liberum (or The Freedom of the Seas) is a book in Latin on international law written by the Dutch jurist and philosopher Hugo Grotius, first published in 1609.In The Free Sea, Grotius formulated the new principle that the sea was international territory and all nations were free to use it for seafaring trade.
In the 18th century, Sir Berney Brograve—who inherited the estates of Waxham, Sea Palling and Horsey in 1753—initially would not protect his estates by using his own funds. Instead, he attempted to revive the Sea Breach Act 1609 but was unsuccessful. [7] In March 1792, an "Embankment Bill" was presented to Parliament, but was later withdrawn.
The act states that prosecutions for a breach of the navigation acts should be tried in the court of the high admiral of England, in any of the vice-admiralty courts, or in any court of record in England, but while the act again hints at the jurisdiction of the admiralty courts, it does not explicitly provide for them.
The Oath of Allegiance, etc. Act 1609 (7 Jas. 1.c. 6) was an Act of Parliament passed by the Parliament of England during the reign of James I.The Act ordered officers, ecclesiastical persons, Members of Parliament, lawyers and others to take the oath of allegiance or otherwise they would suffer penalties and disabilities. [1]
Mare Liberum (1609) by Hugo Grotius is one of the earliest works on law of the sea. Law of the sea (or ocean law) is a body of international law governing the rights and duties of states in maritime environments. [1] It concerns matters such as navigational rights, sea mineral claims, and coastal waters jurisdiction.
George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore, a Catholic, found his attempt to settle in Virginia, where the oath had been introduced in 1609, was defeated by it. His son Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore , on the other hand, ordered his adventurers to take the oath, but whether he insisted on this is uncertain.