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His book Violent Borders: Refugees and the Right to Move argues that making and enforcing a border is an inherently violent act. The citation for the PolGRG Book Award from the Royal Geographical Society called Violent Borders one of the most "influential political geography books published in recent times."
According to Niamh Keady-Tabbal and Itamar Mann, writing for the European Journal of International Law, the word "pushback" is related to "an erosion of refugee law, and a parallel license to inflict ever more extreme violence upon people on the move who are not bone fide refugees". In the case of pushbacks in the Aegean, they doubt that ...
Repatriation assistance of Colombian-Venezuelans had also reached a record number in the first quarter of 2015 and in early 2015, Martin Gottwald, the deputy head of the United Nation's refugee agency in Colombia, warned that many of the Colombian refugees that had fled to Venezuela may move back to Colombia. [11]
In 2020, BVMN released a 51-page report into the use of torture or other inhuman treatment during pushbacks. This report was based upon 286 statements from migrants and refugee. [1] Among the BVMN's findings is that in 2020, 90% of pushed-back migrants interviewed experienced "some form of degrading treatment or torture" from border guards.
Forced displacement (also forced migration or forced relocation) is an involuntary or coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home region.The UNHCR defines 'forced displacement' as follows: displaced "as a result of persecution, conflict, generalized violence or human rights violations".
[15] [16] Academics claim that the violence and high murder rates in many of these countries is the direct legacy of the U.S. intervention on behalf of these anti-Communist forces stretching back into the 1950s with the Guatemalan coup d'état, which has shaped the contemporary refugee crisis. [17]
The U.S. government used an obscure public health law to justify one of its most aggressive border crackdowns ever.
At first, part of the effort was to get those with credible claims to Canada, whose landed immigrant status became available once a refugee turned him/herself in on Canadian soil. But the U.S. government convinced the new conservative government to tighten the border and exclude more Central American refugees.