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Giant axonal neuropathy is a rare, autosomal recessive [1] neurological disorder that causes disorganization of neurofilaments.Neurofilaments form a structural framework that helps to define the shape and size of neurons and are essential for normal nerve function.
The hippocampal subfields are four subfields CA1, CA2, CA3, and CA4 that make up the structure of the hippocampus.Regions described in the hippocampus are the head, body, and tail, and other hippocampal subfields include the dentate gyrus, the presubiculum, and the subiculum.
Familial dysautonomia (FD), also known as Riley–Day syndrome, is a rare, [2] progressive, [3] recessive genetic disorder of the autonomic nervous system [2] that affects the development and survival of sensory, sympathetic, and some parasympathetic neurons in the autonomic and sensory nervous system.
The typical symptoms of RPON are recurrent headaches and ipsilateral paralysis of the extraocular muscles (ophthalmoplegia) that are responsible for controlling eye movements. [1] People with RPON experience different severity of pain, duration of symptoms, and frequency of attacks, which are also dependent on the treatment they received. [ 8 ]
Horses are subject to equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy, a disease of the axons of the recurrent laryngeal nerves. The cause is not known, although a genetic predisposition is suspected. The length of the nerve is a factor since it is more common in larger horses, and the left side is affected almost exclusively.
A different study showed that out of 100 patients, 16% had an infectious event six weeks or less prior to the onset of neurological symptoms: seven patients had CIDP that was related to or followed viral hepatitis, and six had a chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus. The other nine patients had vague symptoms similar to the flu. [14]
Immediate disconnection of axons may be observed in severe brain injury, but the major damage of DAI is delayed secondary axon disconnections, slowly developed over an extended time course. [2] Tracts of axons, which appear white due to myelination, are referred to as white matter. Lesions in both grey and white matter are found in postmortem ...
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS type 1 and type 2), sometimes referred to by the hyponyms reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) or reflex neurovascular dystrophy (RND), is a rare and severe form of neuroinflammatory and dysautonomic disorder causing chronic pain, neurovascular, and neuropathic symptoms.