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This x-intercept is also referred to as aligning prism or – in earlier times – as associated phoria when the subjective nonius method was used (sP 0) the slope of the curve near zero prism load; Fig. 3: Fixation disparity as a function of the forced vergence angle which is induced by base-in prisms and base-out prisms in front of the eyes.
From left to right: an accommodative fixation stick, a vertical prism bar, and a horizontal prism bar. The PFR involves placing a prism bar in front of an eye. In a patient with BSV, a natural shift of the eye occurs. When measuring horizontal fusion ranges, base in prisms assess fusional divergence while base out prisms assess fusional ...
Heterophoria is an eye condition where the eyes are not straight at rest position, but can be aligned by fusion. Learn about the types, signs, symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment of heterophoria.
Exotropia is a form of strabismus where the eyes are deviated outward, causing crossed diplopia and loss of binocular vision. Learn about the signs, symptoms, causes, and treatment options for exotropia, such as glasses, patching, exercises, surgery, and vision therapy.
Vergence is the simultaneous movement of both eyes in opposite directions to obtain or maintain single binocular vision. Learn about the different types of vergence, such as convergence, divergence and fusional vergence, and the common vergence dysfunctions that affect eye alignment and vision.
The prism cover test (PCT) is an objective method to measure ocular misalignment or deviation of the eye. It involves using prism bars, occluder, and targets to neutralise the deviation and record the angle and base of the prism.
A monoclinic crystal system is one of the seven crystal systems in crystallography. It has three unequal vectors that form a parallelogram prism, and two types of Bravais lattices: primitive and base-centered.
A parallelepiped is a three-dimensional figure with six parallelogram faces. A rectangular parallelepiped is a special case with six rectangular faces, and has the volume and surface area formulas given in the article.