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According to Shank, "negative unintended consequences occur either concurrently with the war or develop as residual effects afterwards thereby impeding the economy over the longer term". [17] In 2012 the economic impact of war and violence was estimated to be eleven percent of gross world product (GWP) or 9.46 trillion dollars. [18]
1718–1720 War of the Quadruple Alliance – 25,000 killed in action [1] 1722–1723 Russo-Persian War; 1727–1729 Anglo-Spanish War – 15,000 killed in action [1] 1733–1738 War of the Polish Succession – 88,000 killed in action [1] 1735–1739 Russo-Ottoman War; 1740–1748 War of the Austrian Succession – 359,000 killed in action [1]
The French Revolution had a major impact on Europe and the New World. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most important events in European history. [1] [2] [3] In the short-term, France lost thousands of its countrymen in the form of émigrés, or emigrants who wished to escape political tensions and save their lives.
Popular revolts in late medieval Europe and civil wars between nobles such as the English Wars of the Roses were common, with France fighting internally nine times. There were also international conflicts between kingdoms such as France and England in the Hundred Years' War. The unity of the Catholic Church was shattered by the Western Schism.
Eastern Europe's biggest country is also seeking to boost defence spending to near 5% of GDP and recently launched a recruitment campaign dubbed “Holidays With the Army”, which provides basic ...
Debates and discussions concerning gender identity and gender roles in relation to society became one of the main ways to discuss the war and people's stances on it [54] (Roberts 5). The war left people struggling to grasp the new reality. There were mixed reactions to the new way of life after World War I and how it affected both men and women.
These pollutants are spread by winds and underground waters, which is why the hazardous ecological impact of war will directly affect Russia and Europe. [18] The explosives release chemical compounds that are oxidized in air and may cause acid rain. They can 'burn' vegetation and respiratory organs of mammals (including humans).
Rubens painted Consequences of War between 1638 and 1639 in response to the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). The conflict's origins are complex and diverse but animosity between Protestants and Catholics played a significant role. In addition, struggles for political power in Europe contributed to and prolonged the war. Nearly all European ...